Abstract
In hydroponics, nutrient management is the limiting factor to obtaining optimal production, and nitrogen (N) is the key component to consider when optimizing nutrient management in these types of systems. The objective of this study is to evaluate different combinations of N fertilizer concentrations in order to optimize the yield of basic seed potato minitubers in a three-phase hydroponic system. Treatments consisted of five combinations of N concentrations, applied before and after 21 days after plant transplant as follows, respectively: 1) 13 and 13, 2) 13 and 0, 3) 13 and 7.8, 4) 13 and 16, and 5) 13 and 26 mmol L−1. Propagation was performed by transplanting 3–4 cm potato plantlets cv. Agata from sprouts. There were significant effects of N treatments on all measured variables (root, leaf, stem, and plant dry weight and minituber number and weight). To obtain the maximum minituber number yield, 9.51 minitubers/plant, corresponding to 67 minitubers/m2, post 21-day adjusted N concentration was 18.4 mmol/L. Treatment 4 promoted higher basic seed potato minituber yield in a three-phase hydroponic system.
Resumen
En hidroponía, el manejo de los nutrientes es el factor limitante para la obtención de producción óptima, y el nitrógeno (N) es el componente clave a considerar cuando se optimiza el manejo de nutrientes en estos tipos de sistemas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las diferentes combinaciones de concentraciones de fertilizante nitrogenado a fin de optimizar el rendimiento de minitubérculos de semilla básica de papa en un sistema hidropónico trifásico. Los tratamientos consistieron de cinco combinaciones de concentraciones de N, aplicados antes y después de 21 días del trasplante, de la siguiente manera, respectivamente: 1) 13 y 13, 2) 13 y 0, 3) 13 y 7.8, 4) 13 y 16, y 5) 13 y 26 mmol L-1. Se efectuó la propagación mediante el trasplante de plántulas de papa de 3–4 cm cv. Agata de brotes. Hubo efectos significativos de los tratamientos de N en todas las variables medidas (peso seco de raíz, hoja, tallo y planta, y número y peso de minitubérculos). Para obtener el número máximo de minitubérculos de rendimiento, 9.51 minis/planta, correspondiendo a 67 minis/m2, la concentración ajustada de N posterior a los 21 días fue de18.4 mmol/l. El tratamiento 4 promovió el más alto rendimiento de minitubérculos de semilla básica de papa en un sistema hidropónico trifásico.
Resumo
Na hidroponia, o gerenciamento de nutrientes é o fator limitante para a obtenção de produção ótima sendo o nitrogênio (N) o componente chave a ser considerado ao otimizar o gerenciamento de nutrientes nesses sistemas. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar diferentes combinações de concentrações de nitrogênio para a otimização da produtividade de tubérculos de batata-semente básica em sistema hidropônico de três fases. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco combinações de concentrações de N até 21 dias após o transplante (DAT) e após 21 DAT (13 e 13 - controle; 13 e 0; 13 e 7,8; 13 e 16; 13 e 26 mmol L−1). O material de propagação utilizado foi broto da cultivar Ágata, com 3 a 4 cm de comprimento, em média. Houve efeito significativo dos tratamentos com N sobre todas as variáveis avaliadas (matérias de raiz, folha, caule e planta secas e número e massa de minituberculos). Para obter o número máximo de minitubérculos na colheita, 9,51 minitubérculos/planta, correspondendo a 67 minitubérculos/m2, a concentração de N ajustada foi de 18,4 mmol/L. O tratamento 4 propiciou a mais alta colheita de minituberculos da classe básica de batata-semente em um sistema hidropônico trifásico.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), and Foundation of Support Research of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil (FAPEMIG) for their financial support.
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da Silva Filho, J.B., Fontes, P.C.R., Martinez, H.E.P. et al. Varying Nitrogen Concentrations to Optimize Basic Seed Potato Minitubers Production in a Three-Phase Hydroponic System. Am. J. Potato Res. 95, 687–695 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-018-9676-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-018-9676-7