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Genetic Diversity in Argentine Andean Potatoes by Means of Functional Markers

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Abstract

Andean Potato is a major crop for farmers in the Andes and represents an important gene pool for potato improvement. We present the population structure and genetic diversity of 88 Andigena accessions collected in Northwestern Argentina based on functional markers (25 SSR) distributed along 12 chromosomes. Polymorphic information content ranged from 0.40 to 0.87. A Bayesian approach, a Principal Coordinate Analysis and a Cluster Analysis revealed the presence of: I) a major group containing most of the Andean accessions and II) a smaller group including the out-group cv. Spunta and the sequenced genotype DM. Several group specific alleles were detected. AMOVA showed that 81% of the variability was within each group. Eleven of the SSRs analyzed are linked or within genes reported to regulate traits of nutritional and industrial interest. Additionally, the allelic variant of a photoperiod dependent tuberization regulator gene, StCDF1.2, was exclusively detected in accessions clustered in group II.

Resumen

La papa andina es un cultivo importante para los agricultores en los Andes y representa un importante reservorio de genes para el mejoramiento de la papa. Aquí presentamos la estructura poblacional y la diversidad genética de 88 introducciones Andígenas, colectadas en el noroeste de Argentina, en base a marcadores funcionales (25 SSRs) distribuidos a lo largo de los 12 cromosomas. El contenido de la información polimórfica fluctuó entre 0.40 y 0.87. Una aproximación Bayesiana, un análisis de coordenadas principales y un análisis de agrupamientos, revelaron la presencia de: I) Un grupo principal constituido por la mayoría de las introducciones Andinas y II) un grupo más pequeño que también incluía a la variedad Spunta y al genotipo secuenciado DM. Se detectaron algunos alelos específicos de grupo. El análisis AMOVA mostró que el 81 % de la variabilidad estaba dentro de cada grupo. Once de los SSRs analizados están ligados o dentro de genes reportados asociados a caracteres de interés nutricional e industrial. Además, la variante alélica del gen regulador de la tuberización dependiente del fotoperíodo, StDF1.2, se detectó exclusivamente en introducciones del grupo II.

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Acknowledgements

The authors want to thank the potato and forages germplasm bank of EEA-Balcarce-INTA (BAL) for providing most of the germplasm material, CAUQUEVA Cooperative and Berta Andrade from Jujuy National University for providing the remaining accessions for the analyses and Silvina Divito for technical support. We thank Dr. Salomé Prat for the guidance provided to MFRB during a research stay at her laboratory. This work was supported by PNBIO1131024 ¨Desarrollo de sistemas alternativos de generación y utilización de variabilidad genética y su aplicación al mejoramiento de los cultivos¨ [Alternative system developing of generation and utilization of genetic variation, and its application on cultivars breeding] INTA 2013-2019; PNAIyAV 1130043 ¨Estrategias para la Diferenciación de Alimentos y el Desarrollo de Nuevos Productos Alimentarios¨ [Strategies for food differentiation and development of new food products] INTA 2013-2019; PNBIO1131023 ¨Prospección y caracterización funcional de genes de interés biotecnológico’ [Prospection and functional characterization of genes with biotechnological interest] INTA 2013-2019; PNBIO1131042 Genómica aplicada a la caracterización de la diversidad genética [Applied genomics to genetic diversity characterization] INTA 2013-2019; PICT-2010-2037 FONCYT, MINCyT ARGENTINA; PE/09/02 MINCyT-CONCyTEC 2011-2012; AETA 282811 INTA 2009-2012; AERG-231221 INTA 2009-2012. MM and MFC were financed by CONICET doctoral fellowships and MFRB by a CONICET post-doctoral fellowship.

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Monte, M.N., Rey Burusco, M.F., Carboni, M.F. et al. Genetic Diversity in Argentine Andean Potatoes by Means of Functional Markers. Am. J. Potato Res. 95, 286–300 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-018-9630-8

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