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Comparison of Skin-set and Periderm Maturation in ‘Red Norland’ Potatoes Grown in Two Soil Types in Wisconsin

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Abstract

Skin-set is a necessary prerequisite for potato storability, but there is little published information on the effect of cultural conditions on the development of skin-set. The phellogen layer acts as a lateral meristem for the periderm and while active, fracture of its thin radial walls leads directly to skinning injury during harvest and handling into storage. During maturation of the periderm, these radial walls thicken. Red-skinned cultivars are often grown in muck soils in Wisconsin to improve skin condition and color. We tested skin-set and phellogen radial wall thickness for ‘Red Norland’ tubers grown on either loamy sand or muck soils in central Wisconsin. Skin-set varied between years and soil types, but there was no consistent effect of soil type on skin-set. Phellogen radial walls in Red Norland tubers doubled in thickness between bulking and vine-kill, but did not change in the three week period following vine-kill even when skin-set improved. Physiological processes other than cell wall thickening must be responsible skin-set during the three weeks following vine death.

Resumen

La maduración de la piel es un pre-requisito necesario para el almacenamiento de la papa, pero hay muy poca información publicada sobre el efecto de las condiciones de cultivo en el desarrollo de la maduración de la piel. La capa de felógeno actúa como un meristemo lateral para el peridermo, y mientras esta activa, la fractura de sus delgadas paredes radiales conduce directamente a daño de la piel durante la cosecha y el manejo hacia el almacén. Durante la maduración del peridermo, estas paredes radiales se engrosan. Las variedades de piel roja con frecuencia se cultivan en suelos con estiércol en Wisconsin para mejorar la condición de la piel y el color. Probamos la maduración de la piel y el engrosamiento de la pared radial del felógeno para tubérculos de “Red Norland” cultivados ya fuera en suelos franco-arenosos o con estiércol en el centro de Wisconsin. La maduración de la piel varió entre años y tipos de suelos, pero no hubo un efecto consistente del tipo de suelo sobre la maduración de la piel. El felógeno de las paredes radiales en tubérculos de Red Norland duplicó su grosor entre la tuberización y la muerte del follaje, pero no cambió en el período de las tres semanas siguientes a la muerte del follaje aun cuando la maduración de la piel mejoró. Los procesos fisiológicos diferentes al engrosamiento de la pared celular deben ser los responsables de la maduración de la piel durante las tres semanas siguientes a la muerte del follaje.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Dr. E.C. Lulai for technical assistance with skin-set measurements, and M.E. Copas , M.J. Drilias, K. Pfaff and the staff at the University of Wisconsin Hancock Agricultural Experiment Station for assistance in the field. This research was supported by a USDA Specialty Crop Block Grant and the Wisconsin Potato and Vegetable Growers Association.

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Correspondence to Robert P. Sabba.

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Sabba, R.P., Bussan, A.J. Comparison of Skin-set and Periderm Maturation in ‘Red Norland’ Potatoes Grown in Two Soil Types in Wisconsin. Am. J. Potato Res. 89, 508–511 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-012-9270-3

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