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Effects of Temperature on Development, Survival, and Fecundity of Potato Tuberworm, Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Potato Tubers

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Abstract

The potato tuberworm, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most economically damaging insect pests of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) worldwide. The effects of temperature on performance of potato tuberworm was studied at six constant temperatures; 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, and 36°C. Potato tuberworm failed to survive at 36°C during the egg period. Total developmental time decreased with increasing temperature up to 32°C. Adult longevity was negatively correlated with temperature and the longest adult longevity was observed at 16°C. The average fecundity of females ranged from 45.3 eggs at 16°C to 117.3 eggs at 28°C. Net reproductive rate (R 0 ) ranged from 12.8 at 16°C to 43.2 at 28°C. Mean generation time (T) decreased with increasing temperatures from 61.0 days at 16°C to 16.2 days at 32°C. Mean generation time and doubling time had the highest value at 16°C. The intrinsic rate of increase (r m ) values ranged from 0.042 (female offspring/female/day) at 16°C to 0.228 (female offspring per female per day) at 28°C. The findings of this study may provide important information for designing a comprehensive pest management program for potato tuberworm especially in storerooms.

Resumen

El gusano del tubérculo o palomilla de la papa, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), es uno de los insectos-plaga mas dañinos económicamente de la papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) en todo el mundo. Se estudiaron los efectos de la temperatura en el comportamiento del gusano de la papa a seis temperaturas constantes; 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, y 36°C. El insecto no sobrevivió a 36°C durante el período de huevo. El tiempo total de desarrollo disminuyó con el aumento de la temperatura hasta 32°C. La longevidad del adulto estuvo correlacionada negativamente con la temperatura y se observó la longevidad adulta mas larga a 16°C. La fecundidad promedio de las hembras varió de 45.3 huevos a 16°C a 117.3 huevos a 28°C. El nivel neto de reproducción varió de 12.8 a 16°C a 43.2 a 28°C. El tiempo promedio de generación (T) disminuyó con el aumento de temperatura de 61.0 días a 16°C a 16.2 días a 32°C. El promedio en tiempo de generación y el doble del tiempo tuvieron su valor más alto a 16°C. Los valores del nivel intrínseco de incremento (rm) variaron de 0.042 (progenie hembra/hembra/día) a 16°C a 0.228 (progenie hembra por hembra por día) a 28°C. Lo que se encontró en este estudio podría proporcionar información importante para el diseño de un programa de manejo comprensivo de la plaga del gusano del tubérculo (palomilla) especialmente en almacenes.

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Acknowledgments

We thank P. Mohammadi and N. Esmaeili from University of Mohaghagh Ardabili for technical assistance. This project was funded by the Department of Plant Protection, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, P.O.Box 179, Ardabil, Iran

    A. Golizadeh, J. Razmjou, H. Rafiee-Dastjerdi & M. Hassanpour

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  1. A. Golizadeh
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  2. J. Razmjou
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  3. H. Rafiee-Dastjerdi
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  4. M. Hassanpour
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Correspondence to A. Golizadeh.

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Golizadeh, A., Razmjou, J., Rafiee-Dastjerdi, H. et al. Effects of Temperature on Development, Survival, and Fecundity of Potato Tuberworm, Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Potato Tubers. Am. J. Pot Res 89, 150–158 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-012-9237-4

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