Abstract
Thiamine pyrophosphate (vitamin B1) is an essential nutrient in the human diet, and is often referred as the energy vitamin. Potato contains modest amounts of thiamine. However, the genetic variation of thiamine concentrations in potato has never been investigated. In this study, we determined thiamine concentrations in freshly-harvested unpeeled tubers of 54 potato clones, the majority of them originating from the Pacific Northwest Potato Development Program. Tubers from 39 clones were collected from four different environmental conditions. Thiamine concentrations ranged from 292 to 1,317 ng g−1 fresh weight, which gives a good estimate of the genetic variation available in Solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum. Thirteen clones/varieties contained >685 ng g−1 fresh weight and four had >800 ng g−1 fresh weight over multiple harvests, indicating that these genotypes would contribute a significant amount of thiamine in the diet (>10% of the Recommended Daily Allowance based on a 175- or 150-g serving, respectively). Broad-sense heritability for thiamine content was calculated as 0.49 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.21–0.72, suggesting that genetic variation accounted for about 50% of the observed variation. There were significant clone and clone x environment effects. After accounting for environmental variation, 25 clones were unstable across environments. Tubers harvested at a mature stage late in the growing season had higher amounts of thiamine than tubers harvested at a young stage early in the season. Storage at cold temperature did not lead to significant thiamine loss; instead, thiamine concentrations slightly increased during storage in some genotypes. These results suggest that increasing the concentration of thiamine in potato is feasible and that all potato varieties may one day be a significant source of thiamine in the human diet.
Resumen
La tiamina-pirofosfato (vitamin B1) es un nutriente esencial en la dieta humana, y a menudo se refiere a ella como la vitamina de la energía. La papa contiene cantidades modestas de tiamina. No obstante, la variación genética de las concentraciones de tiamina en papa nunca se ha investigado. En este estudio determinamos las concentraciones de tiamina en tubérculos sin pelar recién cosechados de cincuenta y cuatro clones de papa, la mayoría de ellos se originaron del Programa de Desarrollo de Papa del Pacífico-Noroeste. Se colectaron tubérculos de treinta y nueve clones de cuatro diferentes condiciones ambientales. Las concentraciones de tiamina variaron de292 a 1,317 ng g-1 de peso fresco, lo que da una buena estimación de la variación genética disponible en Solanum tuberosum ssp. Tuberosum. Trece clones/variedades contenían >685 ng g-1 de peso fresco y cuatro tuvieron >800 ng g-1 de peso fresco en múltiples cosechas, indicando que estos genotipos contribuirían con una cantidad significativa de tiamina en la dieta (>10% de la cantidad recomendada diariamente basada en un 175 o 150 g por porción, respectivamente). Se calculó la heredabilidad en amplio sentido para el contenido de tiamina como 0.49 con un intervalo de confianza de 95% de 0.21–0.72, lo que sugiere que la variación genética contó para cerca de 50% de la variación observada. Hubo efectos significativos de clon y de clon x ambiente. Después de contabilizar para la variación por el ambiente, 25 clones fueron inestables entre ambientes. Los tubérculos cosechados en un estado maduro tarde en el ciclo de cultivo tuvieron cantidades más altas de tiamina que los tubérculos cosechados en un estado joven temprano en el ciclo. El almacenamiento a baja temperatura no condujo a pérdida significativa de tiamina; más bien, las concentraciones de tiamina aumentaron ligeramente durante el almacenamiento en algunos genotipos. Estos resultados sugieren que es posible el aumento en la concentración de tiamina y que todas las variedades de papa pudieran algún día ser una fuente significativa de tiamina en la dieta humana.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Kortney Sweek for her technical assistance, Dan Hane for helping in planting and managing the potato crop at HAREC, Steve James, Charles Brown, Rich Quick, Stastny Farms (Malin, OR), Jeffrey Smith and Owen Inc (Mapleton, ME), Mangels Seeds Potatoes Inc (Dillon, MT), and Cal-Ore Seed Inc (Klamath Falls, OR) for providing tubers and potato seeds. This research was partly supported by the Potato Commissions of Oregon, Washington, and Idaho.
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Goyer, A., Haynes, K.G. Vitamin B1 Content in Potato: Effect of Genotype, Tuber Enlargement, and Storage, and Estimation of Stability and Broad-Sense Heritability. Am. J. Pot Res 88, 374–385 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-011-9203-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-011-9203-6