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Nitrogen Use Efficiency Characteristics of Andigena and Diploid Potato Selections

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Abstract

Considerable effort has been made to develop management practices to reduce environmental losses of nitrogen (N) from potato production systems. Increasing the efficiency of N utilization by the potato crop is one approach to reducing environmental losses of N. This study evaluated the variation in N use efficiency characteristics of a series of superior Andigena and diploid potato selections from two populations of potato germplasm selected for adaptation to long days within the potato breeding program of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Seven Andigena selections (six in 2001), seven diploid selections and two commercial cultivars (Kennebec, Butte) were grown at two fertilizer N rates (0 or 100 kg N ha−1) in 2000 and 2001. Plant dry matter and N accumulation were measured on one date chosen to reflect the onset of senescence. Drought conditions in 2001 reduced tuber yield and crop response to N fertilization compared with 2000. Significant variation in N use efficiency characteristics were measured among selections in both years. Variation in N utilization efficiency (plant dry matter accumulation/plant N accumulation) among selections was consistent across the 2 years of this study, despite dramatically different environmental conditions. With the exception of selection 12581-06, N use efficiency parameters for the commercial cultivars was generally similar to or superior to that for the Andigena and diploid selections. Nitrogen use efficiency (plant dry matter accumulation/crop N supply) was generally increased for selections with less visible evidence of senescence at the time of plant sampling, and for selections that partitioned a greater proportion of plant N to vines. The significant variation in N use efficiency characteristics, and the consistent pattern of these N use efficiency characteristics among selections across contrasting environmental conditions, suggest that it is practical to screen adapted potato germplasm with respect to N use efficiency characteristics.

Resumen

Se han hecho esfuerzos considerables para desarrollar prácticas de manejo tendientes a reducir pérdidas de nitrógeno (N) de los sistemas de producción de papa. Uno de ellos es incrementar la eficiencia en la utilización de N. Este estudio evaluó la variación en las características de uso eficiente de N de una serie superior de Andigena y selecciones de papa diploide de dos poblaciones del germoplasma seleccionadas por su adaptación a días largos, dentro del programa de Agricultura y Agri-Food de Canadá. Siete selecciones de Andigena (seis en 2001), siete selecciones diploides y dos cultivares comerciales (Kennebec, Butte) fueron cultivados a dos dosis de N (0 ó 100 kg ha−1) en 2000 y 2001. Se midieron la materia seca de la planta y la acumulación de N en una fecha escogida que reflejara el comienzo de la senescencia. Las condiciones de sequía en 2001 redujeron el rendimiento y la respuesta del cultivo a la fertilización con N en comparación con el 2000. Se midió variación significativa en el uso eficiente de N entre las selecciones en ambos años. La variación en la utilización eficiente (acumulación de materia seca en la planta/acumulación de N en la planta) entre selecciones fue consistente durante los dos años de estudio, a pesar de condiciones dramáticamente diferentes de medio ambiente. Con excepción de la selección 12581-06, los parámetros de uso eficiente de N para los cultivares comerciales fueron generalmente similares o superiores que para Andigena y para las selecciones diploides. La eficiencia en el uso de N (acumulación de materia seca de la planta/abastecimiento de N) fue generalmente incrementado para selecciones con menor evidencia visible de senescencia al momento de tomar las muestras y para selecciones que distribuyeron una gran proporción del N en la parte aérea de la planta. La variación significativa en las características del uso eficiente de N y el consistente patrón de estas características N entre las selecciones a pesar de las condiciones ambientales sugieren que es práctico tamizar el germoplasma adaptado de papa con respecto a sus características de uso eficiente de N.

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Abbreviations

N:

nitrogen

NUE:

nitrogen use efficiency

NUtE:

nitrogen utilization efficiency

NUpE:

nitrogen uptake efficiency

HI:

harvest index

NHI:

nitrogen harvest index

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Acknowledgements

Funding for this project was provided by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Technical assistance was provided by Karen Terry and Mona Levesque.

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Correspondence to B. J. Zebarth.

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Zebarth, B.J., Tarn, T.R., de Jong, H. et al. Nitrogen Use Efficiency Characteristics of Andigena and Diploid Potato Selections. Am. J. Pot Res 85, 210–218 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-008-9014-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-008-9014-6

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