Summary
Thismia minutissima, a distinctive minute species of the mycoheterotrophic genus Thismia is described and illustrated. It was found in several localities in mountain areas of Sarawak, Malaysia. The new species is superficially similar to members of Thismia sect. Rodwaya from Australia and New Zealand but differs by several distinctive morphological traits, including a fishtail-like lateral connective appendage and a perfect mitre. Its ecology, distribution and taxonomic status, as well as phylogenetic placement, are discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016). An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 181: 1 – 20. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12385
Chantanaorrapint, S. (2018). Lectotypification of Thismia arachnites (Thismiaceae), a mysterious species newly reported for Thailand. Kew Bull. 73: 43. https://doi.org/10.1007/S12225-018-9765-2
Chantanaorrapint, S. & Chantanaorrapint, A. (2009). Thismia clavigera (Thismiaceae), a new record for Thailand. Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 37: 27 – 31.
Chantanaorrapint, S. & Suddee, S. (2018). Thismia thaithongiana (Dioscoreaceae: Thismieae), a new species of mycoheterotroph from an unusual habitat. Phytotaxa 333: 287 – 292. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.333.2.14
Chantanaorrapint, S., Tetsana, N. & Sridith, K. (2015). Notes on Thismia clandestina (Thismiaceae), a little known mycoheterotrophic species. Polish Bot. J. 60: 71 – 74. https://doi.org/10.1515/pbj-2015-0013
Dančák, M., Hroneš, M., Sochor, M. & Sochorová, Z. (2018). Thismia kelabitiana (Thismiaceae), a new unique Fairy Lantern from Borneo potentially threatened by commercial logging. PLoS ONE 13: e0203443. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203443
Dančák, M., Hroneš, M. & Sochor, M. (2020). Thismia ornata and T. coronata (Thismiaceae), two new species from Sarawak, Borneo. Willdenowia 50: 65 – 76. https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.50.50106
Doyle, J. J. & Doyle, J. L. (1987). A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochem. Bull. 19: 11 – 15.
Eyre-Walker, A. & Gaut, B. S. (1997). Correlated rates of synonymous site evolution across plant genomes. Molec. Biol. Evol. 14: 455 – 460. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025781
Hareesh, V. S., Alappatt, J. P. & Sabu, M. S. (2018). Thismia aurantiaca sp. nov. (section Rodwaya, Thismiaceae): First record of the family from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India with a new species. Blumea 63: 135 – 139. https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.02.08
Ho, G. W., Mar, S. S. & Saunders, R. M. (2009). Thismia tentaculata (Burmanniaceae tribe Thismieae) from Hong Kong: first record of the genus and tribe from continental China. J. Syst. Evol. 47: 605 – 607. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-6831.2009.00037.x
Hroneš, M., Rejžek, M., Sochor, M., Svátek, M., Kvasnica, J., Egertová, Z., Pereira, J. T., Nilus, R. & Dančák, M. (2018). Two new species of Thismia subsect. Odoardoa (Thismiaceae) from Borneo. Pl. Ecol. Evol. 151: 110 – 118. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2018.1387
IUCN (2012). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN, Gland and Cambridge.
Jonker, F. P. (1938). A monograph of the Burmanniaceae. Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 51: 1 – 279.
Kumar, P., Gale, S. W., Li, J., Bouamanivong, S. & Fischer, G. A. (2017). Thismia nigricoronata, a new species of Burmanniaceae (Thismieae, Dioscoreales) from Vang Vieng, Vientiane Province, Laos, and a key to subgeneric classification. Phytotaxa 319: 225 – 240. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.319.3.2
Kuzoff, R. K., Sweere, J. A., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S. & Zimmer, E. A. (1998). The phylogenetic potential of entire 26S rDNA sequences in plants. Molec. Biol. Evol. 15: 251 – 263. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025922
Meng, S.-W., Chen, Z.-D., Li, D.-Z. & Liang, H.-X. (2002). Phylogeny of Saururaceae based on mitochondrial matR gene sequence data. J. Pl. Res. 115: 71 – 76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s102650200011
Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D. L., Darling, A., Hohna, S., Larget, B., Liu, L., Suchard, M. A. & Huelsenbeck, J. P. (2012). MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Syst. Biol. 61: 539 – 542. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029
Shepeleva, E. A., Schelkunov, M. I., Hroneš, M., Sochor, M., Dančák, M., Merckx, V. S. F. T., Kikuchi, I. A., Chantanaorrapint, S., Suetsugu, K., Tsukaya, H., Mar, S. S., Luu, H. T., Li, H.-Q., Logacheva, M. D. & Nuraliev, M. S. (2020). Phylogenetics of the mycoheterotrophic genus Thismia (Thismiaceae: Dioscoreales) with a focus on the Old World taxa: delineation of novel natural groups and insights into the evolution of morphological traits. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 193 (3): 287–315. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boaa017
Siti-Munirah, M. Y. (2018). Thismia kelantanensis (Thismiaceae), a new species from Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia. Kew Bull. 73: 42. https://doi.org/10.1007/S12225-018-9767-0
Sochor, M., Egertová, Z., Hroneš, M. & Dančák, M. (2018a). Rediscovery of Thismia neptunis (Thismiaceae) after 151 years. Phytotaxa 340: 71 – 78. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.340.1.5
Sochor, M., Hroneš, M. & Dančák, M. (2018b). New insights into variation, evolution and taxonomy of fairy lanterns (Thismia, Thismiaceae) with four new species from Borneo. Pl. Syst. Evol. 304: 699 – 721. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-018-1504-5
Suetsugu, K., Nakanishi, O., Kobayashi, T. & Kurosaki, N. (2018a). Thismia kobensis (Burmanniaceae), a new and presumably extinct species from Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. Phytotaxa 369: 121 – 125. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.369.2.6
Suetsugu, K., Tsukaya, H., Nurainas, N. & Okada, H. (2018b). Thismia sumatrana (Thismiaceae), a new species from West Sumatra, Indonesia, with discussions on the taxonomic identity of Thismia clavigera. PhytoKeys 113: 59 – 67. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.113.29103
Sujanapal, P., Robi, A. J., Dantas, K. J., Sumod, M. & Merckx, V. S. F. T. (2017). Thismia (Thismiaceae): the first record of the mycoheterotrophic genus to the Flora of India with a new species revealing the phytogeographical significance of Western Ghats. Blumea 62: 97 – 102. https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2017.62.2.04
Tanaka, N., Aung, M. M. & Latt, M. M. (2018). Thismia breviappendiculata (Thismiaceae), a new mycoheterotrophic plant from southern Myanmar. Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B. 44: 67 – 72.
White, T. J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. W. (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: M. A. Innis, D. H. Gelfand, J. J. Sninsky & T. J. White (eds), PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications, pp. 315 – 322. Academic Press, New York.
Acknowledgements
We thank John Rian Pasan and Dawat Barok for guidance in the field, Zuzana Sochorová for assistance in field and Renata Melichárková for the line drawings. MH was supported by internal funding from Palacký University IGA Prf-2020-003. MS was supported by grant no. RO0418 from the Ministry of Agriculture, Czech Republic. The research was conducted under permits nos NCCD.907.4.4(JLD.13)-337 and (298)JHS/NCCD/600-7/2/107 issued by the Sarawak Forestry Department.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
ESM 1
(DOC 64 kb)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dančák, M., Hroneš, M. & Sochor, M. Thismia minutissima (Thismiaceae), a remarkable new mycoheterotrophic species from Sarawak, Borneo. Kew Bull 75, 29 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-020-09886-4
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-020-09886-4