Skip to main content
Log in

The genus Callicarpa (Lamiaceae) in the Philippines

  • Published:
Kew Bulletin Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

A taxonomic revision of the genus Callicarpa L. (Lamiaceae) in the Philippines is presented here. Twenty seven taxa are recognised, and thirteen names newly reduced to synonymy. A key to all species is included, as well as distribution maps and a preliminary conservation status for each species. This account forms part of a treatment of Callicarpa for the Flora Malesiana project.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Map 1
Map 2
Map 3
Map 4
Map 5
Map 6
Map 7

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. These alternate ‘leaves’, since they are subtending cymes, are strictly bracts, not leaves, but are included here to avoid confusion, since they are identical in structure to the leaves, and are likely to be understood as such.

References

  • Argent, G., Saridan, A., Campbell, E. J. F., Wilkie, P., Fairweather, G., Hadiah, J. T., Middleton, D. J., Pendry, C., Pinard, M., Warwick, M. & Yulita, K. S. (eds) (1997). Manual of the larger and more important non dipterocarp trees of Central Kalimantan. Forest Research Institute, Samarinda, Indonesia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashton, P. S. (1997). Before the memory fades: some notes on the indigenous forests of the Philippines. Sandakania 9: 1 – 19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Atkins, S. (1999). Callicarpa japonica (Labiatae). Curtis’ Bot. Mag. 16: 79 – 83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balete, D., Tabao, M. & Tabaranza, B. (2008). Podogymnura aureospinula. In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. <www.iucnredlist.org>.

  • BirdLife International (2010a). Important Bird Area factsheet: Basilan Natural Biotic Area, Philippines. Downloaded from the Data Zone at http://www.birdlife.org on 8/6/2010

  • ____ (2010b). Important Bird Areas factsheet: Cuernos de Negros. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 02/11/2010).

  • ____ (2010c). Important Bird Area factsheet: Mount Apo Natural Park, Philippines. Downloaded from the Data Zone at http://www.birdlife.org on 22/6/2010

  • ____ (2010d). Important Bird Areas factsheet: Mount Pulag National Park. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 02/11/2010)

  • Blanco, F. M. (1837). Flora de Filipinas. Inprenta de Sto. Thomas por D. Candido Lopez, Manila.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blume, C. L. (1823). Catalogus van eenige der merkwaardigste zoo in- als uit-heemsche gewassen, te vinden in's lands plantentuin te Buitenzorg. Batavia.

  • Bramley, G. L. C. (2009). The genus Callicarpa (Lamiaceae) on Borneo. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 159: 416 – 455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ____, Forest, F. & de Kok, R. P. J. (2009). Troublesome tropical mints: re-examining Vitex (Lamiaceae) and its relations in South East Asia. Taxon 58: 500 – 510.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____, Go, R. & de Kok, R. P. J. with contributions by Wearn, J. A. & Mabberley, D. J. (2011). Lamiaceae. In: E. Soepadmo, L. G. Saw, R. C. K. Chung & R. Kiew (eds), Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak 7. Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Sabah Foresty Department and Sarawak Forestry Department, Selangor.

  • Brown, R. (1810). Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van-Diemen. Typis R. Taylor et socii, Londini.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, W. H. (1921). Minor products of Philippine Forests, Medicinal Uses of Plants 3. Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources Bureau of Forestry Bulletin No. 22. Bureau of Printing, Manila.

    Google Scholar 

  • Calabrese, G. M. & Velayos, M. (2009). Type specimens in the Vidal Herbarium at the Real Jardin Botanico Madrid. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 159: 292 – 299.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Candolle, A. P. de (ed.) (1847). Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 11: 522 – 700. Treuttel & Würtz, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chang H-T. (1951). A Review of the Chinese species of Callicarpa. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1: 269 – 312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, S. L. & Gilbert, M. G. (1994). Verbenaceae. In: Wu Zheng-Yi & P. H. Raven (eds), Flora of China 17: 1 – 49. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, T. T., Chaw, S. M. & Yang Y. P. (1998). A revision on Callicarpa (Verbenaceae) of Taiwan. Taiwania 43: 330 – 345.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conservation International (2011). M. McGinley (topic ed.). Biological diversity in the Philippines. In: C. J. Cleveland (ed.), Encyclopedia of Earth. Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment Washington, D.C. (First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth August 22, 2008; Last revised Date August 22, 2008; Retrieved January 17, 2011.) <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Biological_diversity_in_the_Philippines>

  • Coode, M. J. E., Dransfield, J., Forman, L. L., Kirkup, D. W. & Said, I. M. (1996). Checklist of Brunei Darussalem. Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources, State of Brunei Darussalam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickerson, R. E., Merrill, E. D., McGregor, R. C., Schultze, W., Taylor, E. H. & Hare, A. W. (1928). Distribution of Life in the Philippines. Philippine Bureau of Science.

  • Elmer, A. D. E. (1908). Three Score of New Plants. Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 2: 463 – 526.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1910). The Callicarpae of Mount Apo. Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 3: 861 – 866.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1915.) Two Hundred Twenty Six New Species — II. Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 8: 2719 – 2884.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1938). Miscellaneous new species. Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 10: 3673 – 3810.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forman, L. L. (1997). Notes concerning the typification of names of William Roxburgh’s species of phanerogams. Kew Bull. 52: 513 – 534.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fosberg, F. R. & Sachet, M-H. (1979). Callicarpa erioclona Schauer (sensu stricto). Phytologia 41: 363 – 365.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foxworthy, F. W. (1909). Indo Malayan Woods. Philipp. J. Sci. 4: 409 – 592.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harley, R. M., Atkins, S., Budantsev, A. L., Cantino, P. D., Conn, B. J., Grayer, R., Harley, M. M., de Kok, R. P. J., Krestovskaja, T., Morales, R., Paton, A. J., Ryding, O. & Upson, T. (2004). Labiatae. In: J. W. Kadereit (ed.), K. Kubitzki, The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants VII. Flowering Plants. Dicotyledons: Lamiales (except Acanthaceae including Avicenniaceae): pp. 167 – 275. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayek, A. (1906). Verbenaceae novae herbaria Vindobonensis. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 2: 86 – 88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heaney, L. R. (1986). Biogeography of mammals in SE Asia: estimates of rates of colonization, extinction, and speciation. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 28: 127 – 165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hemsley, W. (1890). Enumeration of all plants known from China proper, Formosa, Hainan, The Corea, The Luchou Archipelago and the Island of Hong Kong, together with their distribution and synonymy. J. Linn. Soc., Bot.: 26 (complete volume).

  • Hickey, L. J. (1979). A revised classification of the architecture of dicotyledonous leaves. In: C. R. Metcalfe & L. Chalk (eds), Anatomy of the Dicotyledons, Vol. 1 (2nd Ed.), pp. 25 – 39. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • IUCN (2001). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission, IUCN, Gland and Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jussieu, A. L. (1806). Observations sur la famille des plantes Verbénacées. Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 7: 63 – 77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, P. J. A. (2000). Secondary forest trees of Kalimantan: a manual to 300 selected species. MOFEC-Tropenbos-Kalimantan Project, Balikpapan, Indonesia.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, G. & Gamble, J. S. (1909). Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula — Family XC Verbenaceae. J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 21: 794 – 869 [1004 – 1079].

    Google Scholar 

  • Koidzumi, G. (1925). Contributiones ad congnitionem Florae Asiae Orientalis. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 1 – 32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koorders, S. H. (1898). Verslag eener botanische dienstreis door de Minahasa tevens eerste overzicht de Flora van N. O. Celebes. Meded. Lands. Plantentuin 19 (complete volume).

  • Lam, H. J. (1919). The Verbenaceae of the Malayan Archipelago. de Waal, Groningen.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ & Bakhuizen van den Brink, R. C. (1921). Revision of the Verbenaceae of the Dutch East-Indies and surrounding countries. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg série III, 3: 1 – 116 & I – III.

  • Lamarck, J. B. A. P. M. (1785). Encyclopédie méthodique: botanique Vol. 1 (2). Paris.

  • Leeratiwong, C., Chantaranothai, P. & Paton, A. (2007). Notes on the genus Callicarpa (Lamiaceae) in Thailand. Thai. For. Bull., Bot. 35: 73 – 79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species Plantarum, edition 1. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm].

  • ____ (1818) (eds J. J. Roemer & J. A. Schultes). Systema Vegetabilium: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis et synonymiis. Editio nova, speciebus inde ab editione XV. Sumtibus J. G. Cottae, Stuttgardtiae.

  • Maximowicz, C. J. (1887). Diagnoses plantarum novarum asiaticarum. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 31: 12 – 121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merrill, E. D. (1905). New or Noteworthy Philippine Plants, III. Philipp. Gov. Lab. Bur. Bull. 29: 5 – 62.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1906). The Flora of Lamao Forest Reserve. Philipp. J. Sci. 1, Suppl. 1 – 142.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1907). The Flora of Mount Halcon, Mindoro. Philipp. J. Sci. 3, 4: 251 – 310.

  • ____ (1908a). On a collection of plants from the Batanes and Babuyanes Islands. Philipp. J. Sci. 3: 385 – 463.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1908b). New or noteworthy Philippine Plants, VI. Philipp. J. Sci. 3: 219 – 268.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1909). The Malayan, Australasian and Polynesian Elements in the Philippine Flora. Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, 2 series Suppl. III: 276 – 306.

  • ____ (1912). New or Noteworthy Philippine Plants IX. Philipp. J. Sci. 7: 259 – 357.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1915a). New or Noteworthy Philippine plants, XI. Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 1 – 84.

  • ____ (1915b). Genera and species erroneously credited to the Philippine flora. Philipp. J. Sci., C, 10: 171 – 194.

  • ____ (1916). Reliquiae Robinsonianae. Philipp. J. Sci., C 11: 243 – 320.

  • ____ (1917a). Notes on the flora of Kwangtung Province, China. Philipp. J. Sci. 12: 99 – 112.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1917b). New Philippine Shrubs and Trees. Philipp. J. Sci. 12: 263 – 304.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1918). New or Noteworthy Philippine plants, XIII. Philipp. J. Sci., C 13: 1 – 66.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1919). New or Noteworthy Philippine Plants, XV. Philipp. J. Sci. 14: 365 – 458.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1920). New or Noteworthy Philippine plants, XVI. Philipp. J. Sci. 17: 239 – 324.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1922). Noteworthy Philippine Plants XVII. Philipp. J. Sci. 20: 367 – 466.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1923). Enumeration of Philippine Plants 3. Bureau of Science, Manila.

  • ____ (1926). Additions to the Philippine Flora, III. Philipp. J. Sci. 30: 389 – 430.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ & Merritt, M. L. (1910). The Flora of Mount Pulog. Philipp. J. Sci. 5, 5: 287 – 404.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, H. S. (1970). The Herbarium of Aylmer Bourke Lambert: notes on its acquisition, dispersal and present whereabouts. Taxon 19: 489 – 553.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Millspaugh, C. F. (1906). Praenunciae Bahamensis — II. Contributions to a Flora of the Bahamian Archipelago. Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 2 (3): 137 – 184.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miquel, F. A. W. (1856). Flora van Nederlandsch Indie 2. C. G. van der Post, Amsterdam.

  • Moat, J. (2007). Conservation assessment tools extension for ArcView 3.x, version 1.2. GIS Unit, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at: http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/gis/cats

  • Moldenke, H. N. (1932). Nomenclatural Notes. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 60: 55 – 60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1945). The known geographic distribution of the members of the Verbenaceae and Avicenniaceae: Supplement 4. Amer. J. Bot. 32: 609 – 612.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1948). The known geographic distribution of the members of the Verbenaceae, Avicenniaceae, Stilbaceae, Symphoremaceae, and Eriocaulaceae. Supplement 5. Phytologia 3: 448 – 467.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1950a). Novelties in the Eriocaulaceae and Verbenaceae II. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 77: 389 – 405.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1950b). Phytologia 50 (5): 361.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1952a). Notes on new and noteworthy plants XIII. Phytologia 4: 41 – 64.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1952b). The known geographic distribution of the members of the Verbenaceae, Avicenniaceae, Stilbaceae, Symphoremaceae, and Eriocaulaceae. Supplement 9. Phytologia 4: 119 – 124

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1954). The known geographic distribution of the members of the Verbenaceae, Avicenniaceae, Stilbaceae, Symphoremaceae, and Eriocaulaceae. Supplement 12. Phytologia 5: 22 – 30.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1966a). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa I. Phytologia 13: 401 – 445.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1966b). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa III. Phytologia 14 (1): 36 – 63.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1966c). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa IV. Phytologia 14: 99 – 127.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1967a). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa V. Phytologia 14: 140 – 192.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1967b). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa VI. Phytologia 14: 218 – 256.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1967c). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa VII. Phytologia 15: 13 – 40.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1968). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa IX. Phytologia 16: 357 – 388.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1971a). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XI. Phytologia 20: 482 – 499.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1971b). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XII. Phytologia 21: 32 – 55.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1971c). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XIV. Phytologia 21: 149 – 164.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1971d). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XV. Phytologia 21: 208 – 242.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1971e). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XVI. Phytologia 21: 328 – 348.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1971f). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XVII. Phytologia 21: 375 – 388.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1971g). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XVIII. Phytologia 21: 444 – 500.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1971h). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XIX. Phytologia 22: 13 – 28.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1971i). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XX. Phytologia 22: 131 – 136.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1971j). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XXI. Phytologia 22: 190 – 209.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1971k). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XXII. Phytologia 22: 281 – 293.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1974). A fifth summary of the Verbenaceae, Avicenniaceae, Stilbaceae, Dicrastylidaceae, Symphoremaceae, Nyctanthaceae and Eriocaulaceae of the world as to valid taxa, geographic distribution and synonymy. Supplement 4. Phytologia 28: 425 – 465.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1976a). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XXIV. Phytologia 33: 375 – 406.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1976b). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XXV. Phytologia 33: 480 – 505.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1977). A fifth summary of the Verbenaceae, Avicenniaceae, Stilbaceae, Dicrastylidaceae, Symphoremaceae, Nyctanthaceae and Eriocaulaceae of the world as to valid taxa, geographic distribution and synonymy. Supplement 7. Phytologia 36: 28 – 48.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1978a). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XXVII. Phytologia 40: 424 – 436.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1978b). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XXVIII. Phytologia 40: 468 – 476.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1981a). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XXVIII. Phytologia 49: 470 – 482.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1981b). Notes on the genus Geunsia (Verbenaceae). Phytologia 50: 46 – 68.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1981c). Additional notes on the genus Geunsia I. Phytologia 50, 2: 143 – 151.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1982a). Additional notes on the genus Geunsia II. Phytologia 50, 3: 216 – 227.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1982b). Additional notes on the genus Geunsia III. Phytologia 50, 4: 292 – 296.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1982c). Additional notes on the genus Geunsia IV. Phytologia 50, 5: 360 – 378.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1982d). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XXIX. Phytologia 50: 470 – 500.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1982e). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XXX. Phytologia 51: 164 – 168.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1982f). Additional materials towards a monograph of the genus Callicarpa XXX1. Phytologia 51: 204 – 211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Munir, J. (1982). A Taxonomic Revision of the genus Callicarpa in Australia. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 6: 5 – 39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, J. A. (ed.) (1774). Systema vegetabilium: secundum classes ordines genera species cum characteribus et differentiis. Gottingae [Göttingen].

  • Quisumbing, E. (1967). Philippine species of plants facing extinction. Araneta J. Agric. 14: 132 – 162.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ & Merrill, E. D. (1928). New Philippine Plants. Philipp. J. Sci. 37: 133 – 214.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rafinesque, C. S. (1838). Sylva Telluriana. Printed for the author and publisher, Philadelphia.

  • Ridley, H. N. (1920). Peninsular Siamese Plants. J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 10: 65 – 126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, C. B. (1908). Alabastra Philippinensis, II. Philipp. J. Sci., C 3: 175 – 218.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rolfe, R. A. (1882). New Formosan Plants. J. Bot. 20: 358 – 359.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1884). On the Flora of the Philippine Islands, and its probable derivation. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 283 – 379.

  • Roth, A. W. (1821). Novae plantarum species praesertim Indiae orientalis: Ex collectione doct. Benj. Heynii : cum descriptionibus et observationibus /Alberti Guilielmi Roth. Sumptibus H. Vogleri.

  • Roxburgh, W. (1814). Hortus Bengalensis. Reprinted Leiden, Boerhaave Press (1980).

  • ____ (1820). Flora Indica. Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schauer J. C. (1847). Verbenaceae. In: A. de Candolle (ed.), Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 11: 522 – 700. Treuttel & Würtz, Parisis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teijsmann, J. E. & Binnendijk, S. (1863). Plantae Novae in Horto Bogoriensi Cultae. Natuurk. Tijdschr, Ned.-Indie. 25: 399 – 428.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiers, B. [2011, continuously updated]. Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden's Virtual Herbarium. http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/

  • Thunberg, C. P. (1784). Flora Japonica. Bibliopolio J. G. Mülleriano, Lipsiae.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vidal, S. (1885). Phanerogamae Cumingianae Philippinarum: 187. Tipo-litográfico de M. Pérez Hijo, Manila.

    Google Scholar 

  • ____ (1886). Revision de plantas vasculares Filipinas. Estab. tipo-litográfico de M. Pérez, Manila.

    Google Scholar 

  • Voris, H. K. (2000). Maps of Pleistocene sea levels in Southeast Asia: shorelines, river systems and time durations. J. Biogeogr. 27: 1153 – 1167.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wallich, N. (1829). A numerical list of dried plants in the East India Company’s Museum collected under the superintendence of Dr Wallich of the Company’s botanic garden at Calcutta. East India Company, Calcutta, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wikramanayake, E., Dinerstein, E., Loucks, C. L., Olson, D. M., Morrison, J., Lamoreux, J., McKnight, M. & Hedao, P. (2002). Terrestrial Ecoregions of the Indo-Pacific. Island Press, Washington.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC) (1997). http://www.protectedplanet.net/sites/Bulusan_Volcano_National_Park

  • World Wildlife Fund (2011a). M. McGinley (topic ed.), Luzon rain forests. In:. C. J. Cleveland (ed.), Encyclopedia of Earth. Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment Washington, D.C. (First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth August 22, 2008; Last revised Date August 22, 2008; Retrieved November 11, 2010) <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Luzon_rain_forests>

  • ____ (2011b). M. McGinley (topic ed.), Mindoro rain forests. In: C. J. Cleveland (ed.), Encyclopedia of Earth. Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment Washington, D.C. (First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth April 25, 2007; Last revised Date April 25, 2007; Retrieved December 6, 2010) <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Mindoro_rain_forests>

  • ____ (2011c). M. McGinley (topic ed.), Mindanao montane rain forests. In: C. J. Cleveland (ed.), Encyclopedia of Earth. Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment Washington, D.C. (First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth April 19, 2007; Last revised Date April 19, 2007; Retrieved March 17, 2011) <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Mindanao_montane_rain_forests>

Download references

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank the curators of A, BM, BO, C, E, G, GH, KEP, L, NY, SING and US for allowing access to their collections for study, or for providing specimens on loan or for making digital images of specimens available. Distribution maps were produced with guidance and assistance from Tim Utteridge and Steve Bachman. I am grateful to David Middleton for his detailed comments on the manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gemma L. C. Bramley.

Appendix 1: Identification List

Appendix 1: Identification List

Adduru, M. 44 (C. bicolor) [GH, K]; Adduru, M. 30 (C. pedunculata) [A, K]; Adduru, M. 150 (C. erioclona) [A, K, US]; Ahern, G. P. 662 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Ahern, G. P. 662 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Ahern, G. P. 540 (C. erioclona) [US]; Ahern, G. P. 811 (C. pedunculata) [US,]; Ahern, G. P. 318 (C. surigaensis) [US, US]; Ahern's collector For. Bur. 1888 (C. angusta) [K, NY]; Ahern's collector For. Bur. 1484 (C. bicolor) [K, NY]; Ahern's Collector For. Bur. 3300 (C. erioclona) [K, US]; Alcasid PNH1607 (C. micrantha) [A]; Alcasid, G. L. PNH1869 (C. caudata) [A, K]; Amihan, J. PNH33376 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Anonuevo, P. PNH13622 (C. bicolor) [GH, K]; Anonuevo, P. PNH13579 (C. erioclona) [A].

Baines, P. T. For. Bur. 55 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Banaga, T. B. PNH33393 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Barbon, Garcia, Romero PPI18943 (C. pedunculata) [GH]; Barbon, Alvarez, Fuentes PPI8765 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Barbon, Alvarez, Fuentes PPI8602 (C. ramiflora) [K]; Barbon, Alvarez, Garcia PPI2021 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Barbon, Alvarez, Garcia PPI5534 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Barbon, Alvarez, Garcia PPI2148 (C. platyphylla) [K, PNH]; Barbon, Garcia, Sagcal PPI6032 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Barbon, Garcia, Sagcal PPI5913 (C. surigaensis) [K]; Barbon, Pedersen, HGG, LSF PPI12843 (C. subglandulosa) [K]; Barbon, Romero, Fernando PPI1650 (C. erioclona) [K]; Barbon, Romero, Fernando PPI1834 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Barbon, Romero, Fuentes PPI8014 (C. aff. arborea) [K,]; Barbon, Romero, Fuentes PPI13108 (C. angusta) [K]; Barnes, P. T. For. Bur. 924 (C. caudata) [K, US]; Barnes, P. T. For. Bur. 924 (C. caudata) [NY]; Barnes, P. T. For. Bur. 55 (C. pedunculata) [K, NY, US]; Barrow, J. V. s.n. (C. bicolor) [K, NY, US]; Bartlett, H. H. 14711 (C. bicolor) [NY]; Bartlett, H. H. 13211 (C. caudata) [A]; Bartlett, H. H. 14698a (C. bicolor) [A]; Bermejos, J. Bur. Sci.1534 (C. bicolor) [NY]; Bolster, F. H. 17 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Borden, T. E. For. Bur. 1595 (C. erioclona) [NY, US]; Bourell, M. 2197 (C. bicolor) [A]; Brenan, J. P. M. 14975 (C. erioclona) [K]; Burley, J. S. 33 (C. caudata) [A]; Burley, J. S. 40 (C. caudata) [A].

Canicosa, F. For. Bur. 30020 (C. caudata) [US]; Cardona, F. T. For. Bur. 23866 (C. pentandra) [US]; Castro, A. PNH5681 (C. pentandra) [A]; Castro, A. PNH5764 (C. surigaensis) [K]; Castro, A. PNH6496 (C. platyphylla) [K]; Celestrino, M. PNH7834 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Clark, W. W. For. Bur. 2534 (C. caudata) [K, US]; Clark, W. W. For. Bur. 2534 (C. caudata) [NY]; Clemens, M. S. Bur. Sci. 15676 (C. bicolor) [NY]; Clemens, M. S. 190 (C. longifolia) [US]; Clemens, M. S. 17400 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Clemens, M. S. 271 (C. pentandra) [US]; Clemens, M. S. Bur. Sci. 15639 (C. apoensis) [NY]; Clemens, M. S. 9185 (C. longipetiolata) [A]; Co, L. 3756 (C. longipetiolata) [A, K, L]; Co, L. 3536 (C. pedunculata) [GH, K]; Co, L. 3464 (C. platyphylla) [A, K, L, US]; Co, L. 3776 (C. subglandulosa) [A, K, L, SING, US]; Conese, E. PNH15801 (C. pedunculata) [GH, K]; Conklin, H. C. PNH17535 (C. pedunculata) [GH]; Conklin, H. C. PNH19016 (C. erioclona) [GH]; Conklin, H., del Rosario PNH42661 (C. pedunculata) [GH, K]; Conklin, H., del Rosario PNH72689 (C. pedunculata) [GH, K]; Copeland, E. B. 123 (C. pedunculata) [K, US]; Cuming 1425 (C. angusta) [K, NY]; Cuming 1266 (C. arborea) [K, NY]; Cuming 1095 (C. caudata) [K]; Cuming 1330 (C. dolichophylla) [NY]; Cuming 911 (C. erioclona) [GH, K, NY]; Cuming 1778 (C. erioclona) [K]; Cuming 1165 (C. micrantha) [K]; Cuming 1460 (C. micrantha) [K, NY]; Cuming 1641 (C. micrantha) [K]; Cuming 526 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Cuming 1330 (C. dolichophylla) [K, K]; Cuming, H. 1283 (C. bicolor) [K]; Cuming 1773 (C. pentandra) [K]; Curran, H. M. For. Bur. 5140 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Curran, H. M. For. Bur. 17181 (C. platyphylla) [US]; Curran, H. M., Merritt, M. L., Zschokke, T. C. For. Bur. 18162 (C. caudata) [US].

Danao, F. Bur. Sci. 12444 (C. pentandra) [US]; Darling, J. W. For. Bur. 16574 (C. caudata) [US]; Deguchi, K., Tsugaru, S., Inoue, Y. 6313 (C. bicolor) [NY]; Deguchi, K., Tsugaru, S., Inoue, Y. 6339 (C. bicolor) [NY]; DeVore, Hoover 175 (C. bicolor) [US]; DeVore, Hoover 41 (C. caudata) [US]; DeVore, Hoover 106 (C. pedunculata) [US].

Ebalo, L. E., Conklin, H. C. 1364 (C. longifolia) [A]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 46162 (C. bicolor) [NY]; Edaño, G. PNH11436 (C. caudata) [A, SING]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 41685 (C. erioclona) [A, K]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 78500 (C. erioclona) [A]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 35285 (C. micrantha) [A, K]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 41674 (C. micrantha) [BM, A, K, K, SING, US]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 41674 (C. micrantha) [A, K, K, US]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 42365 (C. micrantha) [A]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 48817 (C. micrantha) [NY]; Edaño, G. PNH11126 (C. micrantha) [A, SING]; Edaño, G. PNH11263 (C. micrantha) [A]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 48766 (C. pedunculata) [A, NY]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 48817 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 78469 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 78550 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Edaño, G. PNH7149 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 45975 (C. pentandra) [K]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 45975 (C. pentandra) [NY]; Edaño, G. PNH1315 (C. pentandra) [K]; Edaño, G. PNH9833 (C. pentandra) [A]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 78610 (C. angusta) [A]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 38333 (C. erioclona) [A]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 78234 (C. erioclona) [A]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 78309 (C. erioclona) [A]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 78325 (C. platyphylla) [A]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 78604 (C. platyphylla) [A]; Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 79528 (C. platyphylla) [A]; Edaño, G. E. PNH19857 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Edaño, G. E. PNH34552 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Edaño, G. E. PNH3535 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Edaño, G. E. PNH37162 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Edaño, G. E. PNH11680 (C. bicolor) [K]; Edaño, G. E. PNH4142 (C. erioclona) [A]; Edaño, G. E. PNH4168 (C. erioclona) [A]; Edaño, G. E. PNH11263 (C. micrantha) [K]; Edaño, G. E., Gutierrez, H. PNH37721 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Elmer, A. D. E. 11491 (C. apoensis) [BM, BO, GH, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 8193 (C. arborea) [K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 9125 (C. arborea) [K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 17575 (C. arborea) [BM, K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 22377 (C. arborea) [BM, K, NY, SING]; Elmer, A. D. E. 18086 (C. bicolor) [GH, K, NY, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 5784 (C. caudata) [K, NY, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 5870 (C. caudata) [K, NY, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 8646 (C. caudata) [GH, K, NY, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 10375 (C. caudata) [GH, K, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 11333 (C. caudata) [GH, K, NY, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 6647 (C. erioclona) [K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 7367 (C. erioclona) [GH, K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 11190 (C. erioclona) [GH, K, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 15082 (C. erioclona) [GH, K, NY, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 15124 (C. erioclona) [NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 17598 (C. erioclona) [GH, K, NY, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 11851 (C. flavida) [BM, E, K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 13822 (C. flavida) [C, E, K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 13861 (C. flavida) [BM, E, K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E 13536 (C. longifolia) [K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E 6266 (C. longipetiolata) [K]; Elmer, A. D. E. 14280 (C. longipetiolata) [NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 14286 (C. longipetiolata) [K]; Elmer, A. D. E. 12144 (C. micrantha) [BM, GH, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 14513 (C. paloensis) [BM, K]; Elmer, A. D. E. 16939 (C. paloensis) [BM, GH, K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 5629 (C. pedunculata) [K, NY, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 7366 (C. pedunculata) [GH, K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 8151 (C. pedunculata) [K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 10985 (C. pedunculata) [GH, NY, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 13441 (C. pedunculata) [GH, K, NY, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 14352 (C. pedunculata) [GH, NY, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 17611 (C. pedunculata) [K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 22211 (C. pedunculata) [GH, K]; Elmer, A. D. E. 7368 (C. pentandra) [K, NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 13351 (C. pentandra) [NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 9184 (C. subalbida) [K]; Elmer, A. D. E. 8064 (C. erioclona) [K]; Elmer, A. D. E. 15124 (C. erioclona) [BM, K, NY, US]; Elmer, A. D. E. 7370 (C. paloensis) [NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 10856 (C. pentandra) [NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 11102 (C. pentandra) [NY]; Elmer, A. D. E. 6266 (C. longipetiolata) [NY]; Escritor, L. Bur. Sci. 21104 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Escritor, L. Bur. Sci. 21155 (C. pedunculata) [K].

Fairchild, D. 157 (C. pentandra) [A]; Fénix, E. Bur. Sci. 15802 (C. caudata) [K, US]; Fénix, E. Bur. Sci. 3622 (C. denticulata) [K]; Fénix, E. Bur. Sci. 28048 (C. micrantha) [GH, K]; Fénix, E. 148 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Fénix, E. Bur. Sci. 26058 (C. pedunculata) [A, BM, US]; Fénix, E. 245 (C. bicolor) [A]; Fénix, E. Bur. Sci. 29884 (C. bicolor) [US,]; Fontanoza, J. For. Bur. 31131 (C. pentandra) [NY]; Fortes, C. O. PNH9604 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Fox, R. B. PNH4725 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Fox, R. B. PNH13401 (C. bicolor) [A]; Foxworthy, F. W. Bur. Sci.12235 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Foxworthy, F. W. Bur. Sci. 660 (C. angusta) [NY]; Foxworthy, F. W. Bur. Sci. 719 (C. angusta) [NY, US]; Foxworthy, F. W. 4 (C. erioclona) [A]; Foxworthy, F. W. 13 (C. erioclona) [US]; Foxworthy, F. W. 18 (C. erioclona) [US]; Fuentes, R., Fernando, L. PPI37156 (C. erioclona) [K]; Fuentes, R., Argent, G. C. G., Mendum, M., Wilkie, P. 99285 (C. caudata) [A, E]; Fuentes, de la Rosa PPI38813 (C. pedunculata) [K].

Gaerlan, F. J. M. PPI9897 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Gaerlan, F. J. M., Sagcal, E. C. PPI10072 (C. nigrescens) [K]; Gaerlan, Fernando, EST. PPI19158 (C. flavida) [K]; Gaerlan, Fernando, Majaducon PPI19995 (C. pentandra) [K]; Gaerlan, F. M. PPI3009 (C. platyphylla) [K]; Gaerlan, Fuentes, Romero PPI26277 (C. micrantha) [GH]; Gaerlan, Romero, Sagcal PPI13404 (C. pentandra) [K]; Gaerlan, Sagcal, Fernando PPI4776 (C. bicolor) [K]; Gaerlan, Sagcal, Fernando PPI4792 (C. erioclona) [K]; Gaerlan, Sagcal, Fernando PPI4572 (C. flavida) [K]; Gaerlan, Sagcal, Fernando PPI4873 (C. pentandra) [K]; Gaerlan, Sagcal, Romero PPI11012 (C. aff. basilanensis) [K]; Gaerlan, Sagcal, Romero PPI11052 (C. bicolor) [K]; Galutera, R. PNH33358 (C. erioclona) [US]; Garcia, H. G., EMR, ECS, REF, PPI15319 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Garcia, Fuentes, Romero PPI18417 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Gates, F. C. 6455 (C. caudata) [NY]; Gates, F. C. 6599 (C. erioclona) [NY]; Gates, F. C. 6286 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Glassman, S. F. 579 (C. pedunculata) [GH]; Godofredo, Alcasid PNH1591 (C. micrantha) [GH]; Gregory, V. B. 33 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Guerrero, F. For. Bur. 30368 (C. pentandra) [NY]; Gutierrerz, H. R. PNH78040 (C. pedunculata) [GH]; Gutierrez, H. G. PNH78070 (C. pachyclada) [K]; Gutierrez, H. G. PNH117320 (C. pentandra) [K].

Haenke, T. 579 (C. erioclona) [NY]; Hallier, H. 4024a (C. caudata) [A, K]; Hallier, H. 4027a (C. erioclona) [GH, K]; Hinolan, P. For. Bur. 24043 (C. pentandra) [NY]; Holman, R. M. 187 (C. bicolor) [GH]; Holman, R. M. 40 (C. pedunculata) [A, US]; Hutchinson, W. J. For. Bur. 3974 (C. basilanensis) [K]; Hutchinson, W. J. Forestry Bureau 6124 (C. basilanensis) [NY].

Ingle, N. R. 287 (C. caudata) [K].

Jacobs, M. 7186 (C. caudata) [A, K]; Jacobs, M. 7864 (C. pedunculata) [A, K]; Jacobs, M. 7722 (C. angusta) [A]; Jacobs, M. 7122 (C. subglandulosa) [K]; Jacobs, M. 7482 (C. subglandulosa) [K]; Jose Vera Santos 5810 (C. longipetiolata) [US]; Jose Vera Santos 5239 (C. pedunculata) [US].

Kanehira, R. 2518 (C. pentandra) [NY]; Kanehira, R. 2517 (C. erioclona) [NY]; Kondo, Y., Edaño, G. PNH36778 (C. bicolor) [K]; Kruckeberg, A. R., Brown, H. S. s.n. (C. pedunculata) [NY].

Lam, H. J. 3372 (C. bicolor) [NY]; Leiberg, J. B. 6018 (C. bicolor) [K]; Leiberg, J. B. Bur. Govt. Labs 6000 (C. micrantha) [K]; Lete, R. 252 (C. pedunculata) [A, K, US]; Liborio Ela Ebalo 792 (C. basilanensis) [NY]; Liborio Ela Ebalo 1142 (C. longifolia) [A, K]; Liborio Ela Ebalo 1080 (C. pentandra) [K]; Liborio Ela Ebalo 1131 (C. pentandra) [K]; Liborio Ela Ebalo 1189 (C. pentandra) [K]; Lizardo, L. For. Bur. 29935 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Llalnos 184 (C. erioclona) [GH]; Loher, A. 4439 (C. caudata) [K]; Loher, A. 4440 (C. caudata) [K, US]; Loher, A. 4438 (C. micrantha) [K]; Loher, A. 4445 (C. micrantha) [K]; Loher, A. 4441 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Loher, A. 12312 (C. angusta) [A]; Loher, A. 4442 (C. bicolor) [K]; Loher, A. 4443 (C. bicolor) [K, US]; Loher, A. 4444 (C. bicolor) [K, US]; Loher, A. 4447 (C. erioclona) [K]; Loher, A. 4448 (C. erioclona) [K]; Loher, A. 4449 (C. erioclona) [K, US]; Loher, A. 6681 (C. erioclona) [K]; Loher, A. 7287 (C. erioclona) [K]; Lopez, G. Bur. Sci. 41342 (C. bicolor) [A, K]; Lynn Zwickey, A. 14 (C. bicolor) [A, NY].

Madulid PNH117871 (C. pentandra) [K]; Madulid, D. A. PPI3151 (C. caudata) [K]; Madulid, D. A. PPI11531 (C. bicolor) [K]; Madulid, Gaerlan PPI23846 (C. pedunculata) [GH, K]; Maliwanag, E. 104 (C. erioclona) [GH]; Maliwanag, E. 191 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Mangubat, L. Bur. Sci. 937 (C. pedunculata) [K, NY, US]; Mangubat, L. Bur. Sci. 937 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Manuel, F. For. Bur. 23489 (C. caudata) [US]; McGregor, R. C. 1241 (C. bicolor) [NY, US]; McGregor, R. C. 113 (C. pedunculata) [K, NY, US]; McGregor, R. C. Bur. Sci. 22919 (C. pedunculata) [K, US]; McGregor, R. C. Bur. Sci. 1239 (C. pedunculata) [NY, US]; McGregor, R. C. Bur. Sci. 19792 (C. pedunculata) [US]; McGregor, R. C. Bur. Sci. 22019 (C. erioclona) [K]; Mcgregor, R. C. Bur. Sci. 22910 (C. erioclona) [US]; Mearns, E. A., Hutchinson, W. J. For. Bur. 4713 (C. aff. basilanensis) [NY]; Mearns, E. A., Hutchinson, W. J. For. Bur. 4755 (C. caudata) [NY]; Mendoza, D. R. PNH18424 (C. paloensis) [K]; Mendoza, D. R. PNH18195 (C. pedunculata) [K, US]; Mendoza, D. R. PNH18198 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Mendoza, D. R. PNH18303 (C. pentandra) [K]; Mendoza, D. R. PNH12216 (C. erioclona) [A]; Mendoza, D. R. PNH97782 (C. erioclona) [K]; Mendoza, D., Convocar, P. PNH10598 (C. aff. pentandra) [K,]; Mendum, M., Argent, G. C. G., Wilkie, P., Fuentes, R. 99260 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Merrill, E. D. 441 (C. bicolor) [A, K, NY, US]; Merrill, E. D. 2715 (C. bicolor) [A, K, NY, US]; Merrill, E. D. 3442 (C. bicolor) [K, NY, US]; Merrill, E. D. 1727 (C. caudata) [A]; Merrill, E. D. 4613 (C. caudata) [K, US]; Merrill, E. D. 4613 (C. caudata) [NY]; Merrill, E. D. 8115 (C. caudata) [K]; Merrill, E. D. 11689 (C. caudata) [A]; Merrill, E. D. 1667 (C. erioclona) [K, US]; Merrill, E. D. 145 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Merrill, E. D. 892 (C. pedunculata) [A, K, NY, US]; Merrill, E. D. 1214 (C. pedunculata) [K, NY, US]; Merrill, E. D. 1214 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Merrill, E. D. 1718 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Merrill, E. D. 2522 (C. pedunculata) [A, K, NY, US]; Merrill, E. D. 2688 (C. pedunculata) [K, NY, US]; Merrill, E. D. 3375 (C. pedunculata) [K, NY]; Merrill, E. D. 3375 (C. pedunculata) [NY, US]; Merrill, E. D. 207 (C. bicolor) [US]; Merrill, E. D. 2245 (C. erioclona) [US]; Merrill, E. D. 2536 (C. erioclona) [A, K, US]; Merrill, E. D. 8057 (C. longifolia) [K]; Merrill, E. D. Species Blancoanae 637 (C. pedunculata) [A, K, NY, US]; Merrill, M. L. For. Bur. 8788 (C. angusta) [NY]; Merritt, M. L. For. Bur. 4078 (C. erioclona) [K]; Merritt, M. L. For. Bur. 4077 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Meyer, R. For. Bur. 2520 (C. pedunculata) [K, NY, US].

Ocampo, M. Bur. Sci. 27980 (C. pedunculata) [A, US]; Otanes, F. Bur. Sci. 17792 (C. micrantha) [A, US]; Otanes, F. Bur. Sci. 17851 (C. micrantha) [US]; Otanes, F. Bur. Sci. 17903 (C. pedunculata) [A, US].

Paniza, I. P. PNH9419 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Paraiso, F. Bur. Sci. 30197 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Pascua, A. For. Bur. 30280 (C. basilanensis) [NY]; Peralta, A. PNH35478 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Ponce, S. For. Bur. 31291 (C. pentandra) [NY].

Quadras, J. F. 335 (C. erioclona) [NY, US]; Quisumbing, E. PNH2488 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Quisumbing, E., Sulit, M. Bur. Sci. 82430 (C. longipetiolata) [A]; Quisumbing, E., Sulit, M. Bur. Sci. 82319 (C. caudata) [A].

Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 26976 (C. albidotomentella) [A, K]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 1030 (C. angusta) [NY]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 39455 (C. angusta) [NY, SING]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 27041 (C. caudata) [A, US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 27388 (C. caudata) [K, US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 39816 (C. caudata) [A, US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 43310 (C. caudata) [A]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 5790 (C. caudata) [US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 76891 (C. caudata) [A]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 1063 (C. dolichophylla) [K, NY]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 2037 (C. dolichophylla) [BM, NY, SING]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 8268 (C. dolichophylla) [K]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 23798 (C. erioclona) [K, US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 1039 (C. erioclona) [A, US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 30328 (C. longifolia) [K, NY, US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 13893 (C. micrantha) [K]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 22310 (C. micrantha) [A, BM, US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 27662 (C. micrantha) [A, SING, US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 33146 (C. micrantha) [A, US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 43103 (C. micrantha) [A, SING]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 43186 (C. micrantha) [A, SING]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 23582 (C. paloensis) [K, NY]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 77033 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 32921 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 17427 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 1863 (C. pedunculata) [A, NY]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 21755 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 27610 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 33019 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 42808 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 43346 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 80655 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 80668 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 8131 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 1691 (C. pentandra) [NY]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 14710 (C. pentandra) [K]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 43349 (C. pentandra) [A, US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 41540 (C. ramiflora) [K, SING]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 15278 (C. ramiflora) [K]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 15278 (C. ramiflora) [BM, K]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 30275 (C. ramiflora) [K]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 41540 (C. ramiflora) [NY]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 40778 (C. stenophylla) [A, K]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 5739 (C. stenophylla) [K]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 41009 (C. subalbida) [K]; Ramos, M. 1958 (C. angusta) [A]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 39497 (C. angusta) [A]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 41148 (C. bicolor) [A, US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 33012 (C. caudata) [NY]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 7724 (C. caudata) [NY]; Ramos, M. 1901 (C. erioclona) [A]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 33179 (C. erioclona) [NY]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 40933 (C. erioclona) [A, K]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 42770 (C. erioclona) [A]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 8176 (C. erioclona) [K, US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 46442 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 7724 (C. pedunculata) [NY, US]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 24383 (C. pentandra) [A]; Ramos, M. Bur. Sci. 40767 (C. subintegra) [A, US]; Ramos, M. & Convocar, P. Bur. Sci. 83993 (C. surigaensis) [A]; Ramos, M. & Convocar, P. Bur. Sci. 84082 (C. surigaensis) [A]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 26367 (C. angusta) [A, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 29506 (C. bicolor) [K]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 84887 (C. bicolor) [A]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 44601 (C. caudata) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 85264 (C. erioclona) [A]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 37718 (C. subglandulosa) [K]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 40363 (C. subglandulosa) [K]; Ramos, M. & Pascasio, J. Bur. Sci. 35185 (C. flavida) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Pascasio, J. Bur. Sci. 34697 (C. bicolor) [K]; Ramos, M. & Convocar, P. Bur. Sci. 83554 (C. pentandra) [A]; Ramos, M. & Convocar, P. Bur. Sci. 83762 (C. pentandra) [A]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 34051 (C. angusta) [NY, SING]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 46685 (C. angusta) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 46741 (C. angusta) [NY, SING]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 36737 (C. basilanensis) [K, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 31513 (C. bicolor) [A]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 31537 (C. bicolor) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 48634 (C. bicolor) [A, K, NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 49172 (C. bicolor) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 26312 (C. caudata) [A, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 37388 (C. caudata) [A, K, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 37481 (C. caudata) [A, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 37635 (C. caudata) [A, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 37679 (C. caudata) [A]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 38035 (C. caudata) [A, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 38850 (C. caudata) [A, K]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 40505 (C. caudata) [A, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 44895 (C. caudata) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 48504 (C. caudata) [A, K]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 48504 (C. caudata) [K]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 49295 (C. caudata) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 46779 (C. dolichophylla) [BM, NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 26417 (C. erioclona) [A, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 75120 (C. erioclona) [NY, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 44064 (C. longifolia) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 44326 (C. longifolia) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 37563 (C. magnifolia) [K]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 26233 (C. micrantha) [K]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 26233 (C. micrantha) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 29137 (C. micrantha) [US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 29137 (C. micrantha) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 45614 (C. micrantha) [A]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 49011 (C. micrantha) [A, SING, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 49011 (C. micrantha) [BM, NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 44297 (C. nigrescens) [K, NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 45640 (C. pachyclada) [BM, K, NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 28513 (C. pedunculata) [A, K]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 29051 (C. pedunculata) [A, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 29116 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 29306 (C. pedunculata) [A,US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 33905 (C. pedunculata) [A, K, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 44573 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 44745 (C. pedunculata) [A, NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 45067 (C. pedunculata) [A, NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 45203 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 47223 (C. pedunculata) [A, K, NY, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 75187 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 75187 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 75283 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 75712 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 85196 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 49510 (C. pentandra) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 31179 (C. pentandra) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 38748 (C. pentandra) [K]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 44362 (C. pentandra) [A]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 46928 (C. plumosa) [A, B, BM, K, NY, US]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 75343 (C. ramiflora) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 28969 (C. subalbida) [BM, K]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 45741 (C. subalbida) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 29707 (C. subintegra) [A, BM, K]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 26465 (C. subintegra) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 26465 (C. subintegra) [K]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 26619 (C. subintegra) [K]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 26619 (C. subintegra) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 33838 (C. subintegra) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Edaño, G. Bur. Sci. 48530 (C. subintegra) [NY]; Ramos, M. & Pagasio, J. Bur. Sci. 34775 (C. caudata) [NY, SING]; Ramos, M. & Pascasio, J. Bur. Sci. 35123 (C. fasciculiflora) [K]; Ramos, M. & Pascasio, J. Bur. Sci. 35239 (C. pedunculata) [US,]; Ramos, M. & Pascasio, J. Bur. Sci. 34538 (C. pentandra) [K]; Ramos, M. & Pascasio, J. Bur. Sci. 34545 (C. surigaensis) [K, US, US]; Reillo, J. Bur. Sci. 15450 (C. basilanensis) [BM, K]; Reillo, J. Bur. Sci. 15450 (C. basilanensis) [K]; Reillo, J. Bur. Sci. 19265 (C. bicolor) [NY, US]; Reynoso, E. J. PNH87816 (C. erioclona) [K]; Reynoso, Alvarez & Fernando PPI6575 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Reynoso, Fuentes & Rivers PPI14203 (C. bicolor) [K]; Reynoso, Fuentes & Rivers PPI14120 (C. micrantha) [K]; Reynoso & Majaducon PPI21912 (C. pentandra) [K]; Reynoso & Majaducon PPI24171 (C. pentandra) [GH]; Reynoso & Majaducon PPI24996 (C. subglandulosa) [K]; Reynoso, Romero & Fuentes PPI1492 (C. erioclona) [K]; Reynoso, Sagcal & Fernando PPI17983 (C. bicolor) [GH]; Reynoso, Sagcal & Fernando PPI21095 (C. bicolor) [K]; Reynoso, Sagcal & Fernando PPI21443 (C. pedunculata) [GH, K]; Reynoso, Sagcal & Fernando PPI17892 (C. pentandra) [K]; Reynoso, Sagcal & Garcia PPI7322 (C. erioclona) [K]; Reynoso, Sagcal & Garcia PPI7109 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Ridsdale, C. E. 1051 (C. pentandra) [K]; Robinson, C. B. Bur. Sci. 11831 (C. basilanensis) [K]; Robinson, C. B. Bur. Sci. 11802 (C. caudata) [K, US]; Robinson, C. B. & Merrill, M. L. Bur. Sci. 6124 (C. bicolor) [NY]; Robinson, C. B. Bur. Sci. 6861 (C. platyphylla) [K]; Rogerson, C. T. 1016 (C. bicolor) [US]; Romero, E. M. & Chavez, R. V. PPI29251 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Romero & Fuentes PP137498 (C. bicolor) [K]; Romero & Fuentes PPI37557 (C. micrantha) [K]; Romero, Garcia & Majaducon PPI15345 (C. pedunculata) [GH, K]; Romero, Garcia & Majaducon PPI15432 (C. platyphylla) [A].

Sablaya, M. 95 (C. pentandra) [K]; Sandkuhl, H. For. Bur. 20428 (C. longipetiolata) [US]; Santos, J. K. Bur. Sci. 31659 (C. caudata) [A, K]; Santos, J. K. Bur. Sci. 31935 (C. longipetiolata) [K, SING]; Santos, J. K. Bur. Sci. 31935 (C. longipetiolata) [NY]; Santos, J. K. 11 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Santos, J. K. Bur. Sci. 31935 (C. longipetiolata) [A]; Sinclair, J. & Edaño, G. E. 9644 (?SFN) (C. pedunculata) [K,US]; Soejarto, D. A., Madulid, D. A., Fernando, O. & Majaducon, R. 8041 (C. pentandra) [A]; Soejarto, D. D., Madulid, D. A., Fernando, O. & Majaducon, R. 7997 (C. platyphylla) [A]; Soejarto, D. D., Gaerlan, F., Sagcal, E. & Fernando, O. 8321 (C. pentandra) [A]; Soejarto, D. D., Gaerlan, F., Sagcal, E. & Fernando, O. 8448 (C. pentandra) [A]; Steiner, M. L. 418 (C. erioclona) [US]; Stone, B. C. PPI811 (C. caudata) [K]; Stone, B. C. PPI6717 (C. micrantha) [K]; Stone, B. C. PPI6141 (C. pentandra) [K]; Stone, Fuentes & Fernando PPI5456 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Sulit, M. D. PNH15736 (C. caudata) [A]; Sulit, M. D. PNH8516 (C. caudata) [A]; Sulit, M. D. PNH14576 (C. erioclona) [A]; Sulit, M. D. PNH6232 (C. erioclona) [A, K]; Sulit, M. D. PNH14311 (C. pentandra) [A]; Sulit, M. D. PNH21651 (C. pentandra) [K]; Sulit, M. D. PNH2715 (C. pentandra) [K]; Sulit, M. D. PNH6094 (C. pentandra) [A]; Sulit, M. D. PNH6124 (C. pentandra) [A, K]; Sulit, M. D. PNH6344 (C. ramiflora) [K]; Sulit, M. D. PNH6406 (C. ramiflora) [K]; Sulit, M. D. PNH12342 (C. angusta) [A]; Sulit, M. D. PNH12444 (C. angusta) [A]; Sulit, M. D. PNH9744 (C. bicolor) [A]; Sulit, M. D. 6916 (C. erioclona) [A]; Sulit, M. D. PNH11744 (C. erioclona) [A]; Sulit, M. D. PNH14576 (C. erioclona) [K]; Sulit, M. D. PNH7706 (C. longipetiolata) [A, K]; Sulit, M. D. PNH7771 (C. longipetiolata) [A, K]; Sulit, M. D. PNH14405 (C. pachyclada) [K]; Sulit, M. D. & Conklin, H. C. PNH17699 (C. caudata) [A, K]; Sulit, M. D. & Conklin, H. C. PNH16953 (C. erioclona) [A]; Sulit, M. D. & Conklin, H. C. PNH16863 (C. pedunculata) [A]; Sulit, M. D. & Conklin, H. C. PNH17617 (C. pedunculata) [A, K]; Susara, J. B. PNH37323 (C. pedunculata) [K].

Tarrosa & Almagro For. Bur. 14928 (C. pentandra) [K]; Tesoro, B. T. PNH9603 (C. erioclona) [A].

Usteri, A. s.n. (C. bicolor) [NY].

Vanoverbergh, M. 1376 (C. longipetiolata) [A, NY]; Vidal 3431 (C. arborea) [K]; Vidal 3280 (C. dolichophylla) [K]; Vidal 3426 (C. dolichophylla) [K]; Vidal 1641 (C. micrantha) [GH]; Vidal 3239 (C. micrantha) [K]; Vidal 3428 (C. pedunculata) [GH, K]; Vidal 3430 (C. pentandra) [GH]; Vidal 3430 (C. pentandra) [GH]; Vidal 1643 (C. caudata) [GH, K]; Vidal 1644 (C. caudata) [GH, K]; Vidal 495 (C. angusta) [K]; Vidal 493 (C. bicolor) [K]; Vidal 493c (C. bicolor) [GH]; Vidal 3429 (C. caudata) [K]; Vidal 494 (C. erioclona) [K]; Vidal 843 (C. erioclona) [K]; Vidal 3427 (C. longifolia) [K]; Vidal 3425 (C. pedunculata) [K]; Vidal 3432 (C. pedunculata) [K].

Weber, C. M. 1055 (C. pedunculata) [GH, K, US]; Wenzel, C. A. 2701 (C. pentandra) [K]; Wenzel, C. A. 3389 (C. bicolor) [GH, K, NY]; Wenzel, C. A. 2849 (C. pentandra) [NY]; Wenzel, C. A. 2849 (C. pentandra) [K]; Wenzel, C. A. 1328 (C. bicolor) [GH, US]; Wenzel, C. A. 1479 (C. erioclona) [GH, US]; Wenzel, C. A. 609 (C. pentandra) [GH]; Wenzel, C. A. 690 (C. pentandra) [GH]; Wenzel, C. A. 1235 (C. pentandra) [GH]; Whitford, H. N. 487 (C. erioclona) [NY, US]; Whitford, H. N. 569 (C. bicolor) [US]; Whitford, H. N. For. Bur. 19757 (C. erioclona) [US]; Whitford, H. N. 404 (C. pedunculata) [K, NY, US]; Williams, R. S. 2307 (C. caudata) [A, K, NY, US]; Williams, R. S. 2964 (C. erioclona) [A, K, NY, US]; Williams, R. S. 2116 (C. longifolia) [K, NY]; Williams, R. S. 340 (C. micrantha) [A,US]; Williams, R. S. 115 (C. pedunculata) [K, NY, US]; Williams, R. S. 115 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Williams, R. S. 1158 (C. pedunculata) [US]; Williams, R. S. 1003 (C. arborea) [K, NY]; Williams, R. S. 1060 (C. caudata) [NY, US]; Williams, R. S. 2577 (C. pedunculata) [NY]; Williams, R. S. 2577 (C. pedunculata) [NY].

Zwickey, A. L. 117 (C. pentandra) [A]; Zwickey, A. L. 287 (C. pentandra) [A]; Zwickey, A. L. 14 (C. bicolor) [A].

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bramley, G.L.C. The genus Callicarpa (Lamiaceae) in the Philippines. Kew Bull 68, 369–418 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-013-9456-y

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-013-9456-y

Key Words

Navigation