Abstract
Organic acids can be used as feed supplements or for treatment of poultry carcasses in processing plants. The antimicrobial activity of nineteen organic acids and two monoacylglycerols in cultures of Campylobacter jejuni CCM 6214T (ATCC 33560) was determined using a SYBR Green-based real-time PCR assay. The IC50 was a concentration at which only 50 % of a bacteria specific DNA sequence was amplified. Caprylic, capric and lauric acids were the most efficient antimicrobials among the compounds tested (IC50 ≤ 0.1 mg/mL). In a weakly acidic environment (pH 5.5), the antimicrobial activity was more pronounced than at pH 6.5. At pH 5.5, oleic and fumaric acid also had clear antimicrobial activity, as did monocaprylin. The antimicrobial activity of acetic, butyric, stearic and succinic acid was low. In cells treated with fumaric acid, the potential of potassium and tetraphenylphosphonium ion-selective electrodes changed, indicating an increase in cytoplasmic and outer membrane permeability, respectively. No changes in membrane permeability were observed in cells treated with capric acid or monocaprin. Transmission electron microscopy revealed separation of the inner and outer membrane in cells treated with capric and fumaric acid, as well as cytoplasmic disorganization in cells exposed to capric acid.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- C.j. :
-
Campylobacter jejuni
- C.j. T :
-
C. jejuni ssp. jejuni CCM 6214T (ATCC 33560)
- CFU:
-
colony-forming unit(s)
- DMSO:
-
dimethylsulfoxide
- IC50 :
-
concentration that decreased bacterial DNA synthesis to 50 %
- RT-PCR:
-
real-time polymerase chain reaction
- TPP+ :
-
tetraphenylphosphonium (ion)
References
Barreto M.S.R., Menten J.F.M., Racanicci A.M.C., Pereira P.W.Z., Rizzo P.V.: Plant extracts used as growth promoters in broilers. Brazil.J.Poultry Sci.10, 109–115 (2008).
Bookout A.L., Mangelsdorf D.L.: Quantitative real-time PCR protocol for analysis of nuclear receptor signaling pathways. Nucl. Recept.Signal.1(E12), 1–7 (2003).
Chaveerach P., Keuzenkamp D.A., Urlings H.A.P., Lipman L.J.A., van Knapen F.: In vitro study on the effect of organic acids on Campylobacter jejuni/coli populations in mixtures of water and feed. Poultry Sci.81, 621–628 (2002).
Cole K., Farnell M.B., Donoghue A.M., Stern N.J., Svetoch E.A., Eruslanov B.N., Volodina L.I., Kovalev Y.N., Perelygin V.V., Mitsevich E.V., Mitsevich I.P., Levchuk V.P., Pokhilenko V.D., Borzenkov V.N., Svetoch O.E., Kudryavtseva T.Y., Reyes-Herrera I., Blore P.J., de los Santos F.S., Donoghue D.J.: Bacteriocins reduce Campylobacter colonization and alter gut morphology in turkey poults. Poultry Sci.85, 1570–1575 (2006).
Corry J.E.L., Atabay H.I.: Poultry as a source of Campylobacter and related organisms. J.Appl.Microbiol.90, 96S–114S (2001).
Del Rio E., Panizo-Moran M., Prieto M., Alonso-Calleja C., Capita R.: Effect of various chemical decontamination treatments on natural microflora and sensory characteristics of poultry. Internat.J.Food Microbiol.115, 268–280 (2007).
Ellebroek L., Lienau J.A., Alter T., Schlichting D.: Effectiveness of different chemical decontamination methods on the Campylobacter load of poultry carcasses. Fleischwirtschaft87, 224–227 (2007).
Heres L., Engel B., Urlings H.A.P., Wagenaar J.A., van Knapen F.: Effect of acidified feed on susceptibility of broiler to intestinal infection by Campylobacter and Salmonella. Vet.Microbiol.99, 259–267 (2004).
Hinton A., Ingram K.D.: Use of oleic acid to reduce the population of the bacterial flora of poultry skin. J.Food Prot.63, 1282–1286 (2000).
Horrocks S.M., Anderson R.C., Nisbet D.J., Ricke S.C.: Incidence and ecology of Campylobacter jejuni and coli in animals. Anaerobe15, 18–25 (2009).
Humphrey T., Jørgensen F.: Pathogens on meat and infection in animals — establishing a relationship using Campylobacter and Salmonella as examples. Meat Sci.74, 89–97 (2006).
Kolínská R., Dřevínek M., Jakubů V., Žemličková H.: Species identification of Campylobacter jejuni spp. jejuni and C. coli by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and PCR. Folia Microbiol.53, 403–409 (2008).
Koninkx J.F.J.G., Malago J.J.: The protective potency of probiotic bacteria and their microbial products against enteric infections — review. Folia Microbiol.53, 189–194 (2008).
Nam H.M., Srinivasan V., Murinda S.E., Oliver S.P.: Detection of Campylobacter jejuni in dairy farm environmental samples using SYBR Green real-time polymerase chain reaction. Foodborne Pathog.Dis.2, 160–168 (2005).
Nogva H. K., Bergh A., Holck A., Rudi K.: Application of the 5′-nuclease PCR assay in evaluation and development of methods for quantitative detection of Campylobacter jejuni. Appl.Environ.Microbiol.66, 4029–4036 (2000).
Ohmizo C., Yata M., Katsu T.: Bacterial cytoplasmic membrane permeability assay using ion-selective electrodes. J.Microbiol.Meth.59, 173–179 (2004).
Ricke S.C.: Perspectives on the use of organic acids and short chain fatty acids as antimicrobials. Poultry Sci.82, 632–639 (2003).
de los Santos F.S, Donoghue A.M., Venkitanarayanan K., Metcalf J.H., Reyes-Herrera I., Dirain M.L., Aguiar V.F., Blore P.J., Donoghue D.J.: The natural feed additive caprylic acid decreases Campylobacter jejuni colonization in market-aged broiler chickens. Poultry Sci.88, 61–64 (2009).
Shin S.Y., Hwang H.J., Kim W.J.: Inhibition of Campylobacter jejuni in chicken by ethanol, hydrogen peroxide, and organic acids. J.Microbiol.Biotechnol.11, 418–422 (2001).
Skřivanová E., Marounek M., Benda V., Březina P.: Susceptibility of Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp. and Clostridium perfringens to organic acids and monolaurin. Vet.Med.Czech51, 81–88 (2006).
Tsuchido T., Hiraoka T., Takano M., Shibasaki I.: Involvement of autolysin in cellular lysis of Bacillus subtillis by short-chain and medium-chain fatty acids. J.Bacteriol.162, 42–46 (1985).
van Deun K., Haesebrouck F., van Immerseel F., Ducatelle R., Pasmans F.: Short-chain fatty acids and L-lactate as feed additives to control Campylobacter jejuni infections in broilers. Avian Path.37, 379–383 (2008).
Williams J.B.: Drug efflux as a mechanism of resistance. Brit.J.Biomed.Sci.53, 290–293 (1996).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Molatová, Z., Skřivanová, E., Macias, B. et al. Susceptibility of Campylobacter jejuni to organic acids and monoacylglycerols. Folia Microbiol 55, 215–220 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-010-0031-8
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-010-0031-8