Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Biodegradable Acetylated Kenaf Fiber Composites

  • Published:
Fibers and Polymers Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Bio-composites containing kenaf and starch as the filler and matrix, respectively, and Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and Polyethylene glycol (PEG) as plasticizers were fabricated. The acetylation of hydrophilic kenaf increased the hydrophobic matrix and surfactant bonding in the complex, and the starch matrix increased the biodegradability. The physical, thermal, and biodegradability properties of composites comprising acetylated kenaf and starch (S), acetylated kenaf, starch, and PVA (S+PVA), and acetylated kenaf, starch, and PEG (S+PEG) were evaluated. The results showed that the acetylation of kenaf caused its surface to swell, improving the interfacial adhesion between kenaf and starch in the composites, whereas PVA and PEG did not enhance the physical properties of the composites. The addition of plasticizers caused a slight improvement in the thermal fluidity and stability of the acetylated kenaf composites. In addition, the composites buried in soil showed higher biodegradability than those buried in compost. The presence of moisture in the soil also increased the biodegradability by 80 %. The results of this study demonstrate the high potential of the acetylated kenaf composites as an alternative to synthetic polymer products. Moreover, considering their biodegradable nature, these composites can be applied in treatments and techniques that are focused on the safe disposal of plastic waste for the mitigation of environmental pollution.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. R. Geyer, J. R. Jambeck, and K. L. Law, Sci. Adv., 3, e1700782 (2017).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. L. Lebreton, B. Slat, F. Ferrari, B. Sainte-Rose, J. Aitken, R. Marthouse, S. Hajbane, S. Cunsolo, A. Schwarz, A. Levivier, K. Noble, P. Debeljak, H. Maral, R. Schoeneich-Argent, R. Brambini, and J. Reisser, Sci. Rep., 8, 4666 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. J. R. Jambeck, R. Geyer, C. Wilcox, T. R. Siegler, M. Perryman, A. Andrady, R. Narayan, and K. L. Law, Sci., 347, 768 (2015).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. J. Elkington, “Green Swans: The Coming Boom in Regenerative Capitalism. In: The Black Swan Blues”, Fast Company Press, New York, 2020.

    Google Scholar 

  5. M. R. Sanjay, P. Madhu, M. Jawaid, P. Senthamaraikannan, S. Senthil, and S. Pradeep, J. Clean. Prod., 172, 566 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. M. Asim, M. T. Paridah, M. Chandrasekar, R. M. Shahroze, M. Jawaid, M. Nasir, and R. Siakeng, Iran. Polym. J., 29, 625 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. P. Madhu, M. R. Sanjay, P. Senthamaraikannan, S. Pradeep, S. Siengchin, M. Jawaid, and M. Kathiresan, J. Nat. Fiber., 17, 833 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. K. V. Krishna and K. Kanny, Compos. Part B, 104, 111 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. A. M. Radzi, S. M. Sapuan, M. Jawaid, and M. R. Mansor, Fiber Polym., 20, 847 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. L. Gardner, T. Munro, E. Villarreal, K. Harris, T. Fronk, and H. Ban, Fiber. Polym., 19, 393 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. T.-A. Mobarak, M. F. Mina, M. A. Gafur, A. N. Ahmed, and S. A. Dhar, Fiber. Polym., 19, 31 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. M. C. Khoathane, E. R. Sadiku, and C. S. Agwuncha in “Surface Modification of Natural Fiber Composites and Their Potential Applications. In: Surface Modification of Biopolymers” (V. K. Thakur and A. S. Singha Eds.), pp.370–400, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New Jersey, 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  13. N. H. Mostafa, Z. Ismarrubie, S. Sapuan, and M. Sultan, J. Reinfor. Plast. Compos., 35, 1093 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. S. D. Salman, Z. Leman, M. T. Sultan, M. R. Ishak, and F. Cardona, BioResources, 11, 1176 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  15. H. Wang, L. Yang, H. Guo, Y. Zhao, and J. Zhao, Fiber. Polym., 20, 1266 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. I. Batool and G. B. Shah, Fiber. Polym., 19, 790 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. A. F. M. Nor, M. T. H. Sultan, M. Jawaid, A. M. R. Azmi, and A. U. M. Shah, Compos. Part B. Eng., 168, 166 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. T. Khan, M. T. B. Hameed Sultan, and A. H. Ariffin, J. Reinfor. Plast. Compos., 37, 770 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. S. D. Salman, Z. Leman, M. Sultan, M. Ishak, and F. Cardona, Text. Res. J., 87, 2051 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. T. M. Loganathan, M. T. H. Sultan, Q. Ahsand, M. Jawaid, J. Naveen, A. Umaira, M. Shah, and L. S. Hua, J. Mater. Res. Technol., 9, 3537 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. M. K. Marichelvam, M. Jawaid, and M. Asim, Fibers, 7, 32 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. M. Jonoobi, J. Harun, A. P. Mathew, M. Z. B. Hussein, and K. Oksman, Cellulose, 17, 299 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. B. Rashid, Z. Leman, M. Jawaid, M. J. Ghazali, and M. R. Ishak, Cellulose, 23, 2905 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. D. Lei, K. H. Song, X. D. Li, H. Y. Kim, and B. S. Kim, J. Mater. Sci., 52, 2158 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. T. J. Chung, J. W. Park, H. J. Lee, H. Kwon, H. J. Kim, Y. K. Lee, and W. T. Yin Tze, Appl. Sci., 8, 376 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. A. Yussuf, I. Massoumi, and A. Hassan, J. Polym. Environ., 18, 422 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. K. H. Song and I. S. Kim, Fiber. Polym., 14, 2135 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. H. A. Aisyah, M. T. Paridah, S. M. Sapuan, A. Khalina, O. B. Berkalp, S. H. Lee, C. H. Lee, N. M. Nurazzi, N. Ramli, M. S. Wahab, and R. A. Ilyas, Int. J. Polym. Sci., 8, 5258621 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  29. J. Naveen, M. Jawaid, E. Zainudin, M. T. Sultan, R. Yahaya, and M. A. Majid, Compos. Struct., 7, 194 (2019).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. N. H. Mostafa, Z. N. Ismarrubie, S. M. Sapuan, and M. T. H. Sultan, J. Compos. Mater., 50, 3385 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. S. Sreenivasan, S. Sulaiman, M. K. A. M. Ariffin, B. H. T. Baharudin, and K. Abdan, Materials Today: Proceedings, 5, 1226 (2018).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. J. H. Lee, J. S. Jung, and S. H. Kim, Polymers, 12, 1675 (2020).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. J. H. Lee, S. H. Park, and S. H. Kim, Polymers, 12, 178 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. J. S. Jung, K. H. Song, and S. H. Kim, Text. Res. J., 89, 1782 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2016R1A6 A1A03013422 and 2019R1I1A1A01061798).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Institute of Industrial Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea

    Jong Sun Jung

  2. Department of Clothing & Textiles, Pai Chai University, Daejeon, 35345, Korea

    Kyung Hun Song

  3. Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea

    Seong Hun Kim

Authors
  1. Jong Sun Jung
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kyung Hun Song
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Seong Hun Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Seong Hun Kim.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jung, J.S., Song, K.H. & Kim, S.H. Biodegradable Acetylated Kenaf Fiber Composites. Fibers Polym 22, 3437–3443 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-021-1237-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-021-1237-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation