Abstract
A new trial to determine the dyeing properties of cotton and silk fabrics with a black cowpea seed coat as crop waste was investigated. The natural dye anthocyanins were extracted from a black cowpea seed coat in an aqueous solution and used to dye silk and cotton. The optimal conditions for colorant extraction were an aqueous solution of a dried seed coat of black cowpea in a 1:10 liquor ratio at 70 °C for 4 hours with pH of 4. The best dye-uptake of silk and cotton fabric were obtained when the pH was 3.5 and 3.0 respectively, the temperature was 80 °C for 1 hour and the liquor ratio of black cowpea was 1:20. Different colors as dusky brown, brown, faint yellow, light green, reddish brown, cyan and green could be obtained using a various kind of mordants. The depth and brightness of color tones were affected by different dyeing and mordanting pH conditions. The colors of the fabrics were examined using a computer color matching system in terms of the K/S values and CIELAB color-difference values. The dyeing was evaluated using standard light, wash and heat fastness tests. Good wash and heat fastness were obtained but the poor light fastness indicated the need for improvement to fulfill the requirement for textile applications.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
B. H. Patel, B. J. Agarwal, and H. M. Patel, Colourage, 1, 21 (2003).
T. Becjtold, A. Mahmund-Ali, and B. Mussak, Dyes Pigments, 75, 287 (2007).
R. Shankar and P. Vanker, Dyes Pigments, 74, 464 (2007).
P. Vanker, R. Shankar, D. Mahanta, and C. C. Tiwavi, Dyes Pigments, 76, 207 (2008).
H. Oda, Color Technol., 117, 204 (2001).
C. E. Garland, “Color Technology in Textile Chemistry”, Inc. Gultekin Ed. AATCC, 1993.
Y. Choia, H. Jeonga, and J. Lee, Food Chemistry, 103, 130 (2007).
G. W. Taylor, Rev. Prog. Coloration, 16, 53 (1986).
El-Gamal, Tinctroria, 95, 48 (1998).
S. R. Kim, Y. S. Ahn, Y. B. Oh, M. N. Jung, and B. C. Jung, Korean Patent Appl. KR 2000-41654, 2000.
C. H. Chae and P. H. Choung, Korean Patent Appl KR 2000-47706, 2000.
J. J. Moses and N. Ravi, Man-made Textiles in India, 46, 295 (2003).
J. K. Chavon, S. S. Kadam, and D. K. Salunkhe, “Cowpea, in and Book of World Food Legumes”, Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1989.
T. Bechtold, R. Mussak, A. Mahmud-ali, E. Gannglberger, and S. Geissler, J. Sci. Food Agric., 86, 233 (2006).
T. Bechtold, A. Mahmud-ali, and R. Mussak, J. Sci. Food Agric., 87, 2589 (2007).
E. E. Burns and J. W. Winzer, Proc. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci., 80, 449 (1962).
W. H. Culver and R. F. Cain, Tex. Agri. Exp. Stn. Bull., 748, 5 (1952).
T. J. Ha, M. H. Lee, Y. N. Jeong, J. H. Lee, S. I. Han, C. H. Park, S. B. Pae, C. H. Hwang, I. Y. Baek, and K. Y. Park, Food Sci. Biotechnol. 19, 821 (2010).
G. Mazza and E. Miniati, “Anthocyanins in Fruits, Vegetables, and Grains”, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1993.
F. S. Hosseinian and T. Beta, J. Agric. Food Chem., 55, 10832 (2007).
R. L. Prior and X. Wu, Free Radical Research, 40, 1014 (2006).
R. Brouillard, “Chemical Structure of Anthocyanins as Food Colors” (P. Markakis Ed.), Academic Press, New York, 1982.
G. Mazza and R. Brouillard, J. Agric. Food Chem., 35, 422 (1987).
P. Kubelka, JOSA 38, 448 (1948).
P. Kubelka, JOSA 44, 330 (1954).
E. Sashina, A. Bochek, and N. Novoselov, Russian J. Appl. Chem., 79, 869 (2006).
C. Kan, Fiber. Polym., 9, 317 (2008).
A. Cheminat and R. Brouillard, Tetrahedron Lett. 27, 4457, Pergamon Press, Ltd., 1986.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jung, Y.S., Bae, D.G. Natural dyeing with black cowpea seed coat. I. Dyeing properties of cotton and silk fabrics. Fibers Polym 15, 138–144 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-014-0138-7
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-014-0138-7