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Extraction of cellulose nanowhiskers from natural fibers and agricultural byproducts

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Abstract

In this work the feasibility of extracting cellulose from cotton, sisal and flax fibers, corn stover and rice husk by means of usual chemical procedures such as acid hydrolysis, chlorination, alkaline extraction, and bleaching was analyzed. Cellulose nanowhiskers from these sources, and from commercial cellulose, were produced by the acid hydrolysis of the obtained celluloses. The final products were characterized by means of Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The chemical procedure used to obtain cellulose nanowhiskers was effective in all cases but differences on the thermal stability, chemical composition, crystallinity and morphology were found due to the dissimilar nature of the different sources. Thus, this work demonstrates that the morphology and physical properties of cellulose nanowhiskers synthesized by the same conditions are strongly dependent on their source.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Composite Materials Group, National Research Institute of Materials Science and Technology, National Research Council, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina

    Leandro N. Ludueña & Vera A. Alvarez

  2. Ecomaterials Group, National Research Institute of Materials Science and Technology, National Research Council, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina

    Antonella Vecchio & Pablo M. Stefani

Authors
  1. Leandro N. Ludueña
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  2. Antonella Vecchio
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  3. Pablo M. Stefani
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  4. Vera A. Alvarez
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Correspondence to Leandro N. Ludueña.

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Ludueña, L.N., Vecchio, A., Stefani, P.M. et al. Extraction of cellulose nanowhiskers from natural fibers and agricultural byproducts. Fibers Polym 14, 1118–1127 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-013-1118-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-013-1118-z

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