Abstract
We discuss the number of lattice points with integer coordinates on the sphere of radius \(\lambda \) and Vinogradov’s Theorem on the representation of integers as a sum of three primes.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arkipov, G.I., Oskolkov, K.I.: On a special trigonometric series and its applications. Mat. Sb. 134(176), 147–158 (1987)
Arkipov, G.I., Oskolkov, K.I.: On a special trigonometric series and its applications. Sov. Math. 62, 145–156 (1989)
Bateman, P.T.: On the representation of a number as the sum of three squares. Trans. Am. Soc. 71, 70–101 (1951)
Bourgain, J.: Onthe maximal ergodic theorem for certain sequence of integers. Isr. J. Math. 61, 39–72 (1988). 73–83
Bourgain, J.: Pointwise ergodic theorems for arithmetic sets with an appendix by the author, Furstenberg, Kutznelson, and Ornstein. Inst. Hautes Etudes Sci. Publ. Math. 69, 5–45 (1989)
Bourgain, J.: Fourier transform restriction phenomena for certain lattice subsets and its applications to nonlinear evolution equations. Geom. Funct. Anal. 3, 107–156, 157–178, 209–262 (1993)
Estermann, T.: Introduction to Prime Number Theory. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1952)
Grosswald, Emil: Representation of Integers as Sums of Squares. Springer, New York (1985)
Hardy, G.H.: On the representation of a number of a number as a sum of any number of squares, and in particular of five. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 21, 255–284 (1920)
Hardy, G.H., Littlewood, J.E.: A new solution of Waring Problem. Q. J. Math. 48, 272–293 (1920)
Ionescu, A.: An endpoint estimate for the discrete spherical maximal function. Proc. Am. Soc. 132(5), 1411–1417 (2004)
Kloosterman, H.D.: On the representation of numbers in the form \(ax^2+by^2+cz^2+dt^2\). Acta. Math. 49, 407–464 (1927)
Knopp, M.I.: Modular Forms in Analytic Number Theory. Markham Publishing Company, Chicago (1970)
Magyar, A.: Diophantine equations and Ergdis theorems. Am. J. Math. 124, 921–953 (2002)
Magyar, A., Stein, E.M., Wainger, S.: Discrete analogues in harmonic analysis: spherical averages. Ann. Math. 155, 189–208 (2002)
Montgomery, H.: Ten Lectures on the Interface Between Analytic Number Theory and Harmonic Analysis. American Mathematical Society, Providence (1994)
Mordell, L.J.: On the representation of numbers as a sum of \(2r\) squares. Q. J. Pure Appl. Math. 48, 93–104 (1917)
Nathanson, M.: Additive Number Theory. Springer, New York (1996)
Oberlin, D.: Two discrete fractional integrals. Math. Res. Lett. 8, 1–6 (2001)
Ono, K.: Representation of integers as a sum of squares. J. Number Theory 95, 253–258 (2002)
Oskolkow, K.: Schrodinger equation and oscillatory Hilbert transform of second degree. J. Fourier Anal. Appl. 4, 341–356 (1988)
Pracher, K.: Primzahlverteilung. Springer, New York (1957)
Schlag, W.: On minima of the absolute value of certain random exponential sums. Am. J. Math. 122, 483–514 (2000)
Siegel, C.L.: Lectures on Analytic Theory of Quadratic Forms. Prince University Press, Princeton (1962)
Stein, E.M.: Discrete Analogues of Singular Integral Operators. Unpublished lecture notes
Stein, E.M., Shakarchi, R.: Princeton Lectures in Analysis II, Complex Analysis. Prince University Press, Princeton (2003)
Stein, E.M., Wainger, S.: Discrete analogues of singular Radon transforms. Bull. A.M.S. 23, 537–544 (1990)
Stein, E.M., Wainger, S.: Discrete analogues in harmonis analysis, I: \(\ell ^2\) estimates for singular Radon transforms. Am. J. Math. 121, 1291–1336 (1999)
Stein, E.M., Wainger, S.: Two discrete fractional integral operators revisited. J. D’Anul. Math. 87, 451–479 (2002)
Stein, E.M., Weiss, G.: Introduction to Fourier Analysis on Euclidean Spaces. Prince University Press, Princeton (1971)
Vaughn, R.C.: The Hardy–Littlewood Method. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1997)
Vinogradov, I.M.: The Method of Trigonometrical Sums in the Theory of Numbers. Interscience, New York (1954)
Weyl, H.: Uber die Gleichverteilung von Zahlen mod. Eins. Math. Ann. 77, 313–336 (1916)
Wierdl, M.: Pointwise ergodic theorems along the prime numbers. Isr. J. Math. 64, 315–336 (1988)
Acknowledgements
This research supported in part by NSF grant DMS-0098757 at the University of Wisconsin. I would like to thank Guido for over 60 years of friendship, guidance, and encouragement. I would also like to thank the referee for his helpful suggestions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wainger, S. An Introduction to the Circle Method of Hardy, Littlewood, and Ramanujan. J Geom Anal 31, 9113–9130 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12220-020-00579-9
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12220-020-00579-9