Abstract
The effects of phase change on the stability of a horizontally heated liquid layer are studied experimentally in this paper. Results are obtained for two volatile liquids with similar Prandtl numbers in a rectangular geometry with different temperature differences. Three different flow states occur with the variation of the liquid depth, namely oscillating multicellular convection, hydrothermal waves and steady flow. The critical conditions for the transition between the different flow states are identified and discussed. In addition, the presence of evaporation at the interface plays an essential role in the flow instabilities. The results show that evaporation at the surface and associated surface deformation tend to inhibit the development of a hydrothermal wave but conversely promote the transition of oscillating multicellular convection. Furthermore, the transient nature of HTWs is shown to be little affected by the phase change.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bucchignani, E.: Numerical characterization of hydrothermal waves in a laterally heated shallow layer. Phys. Fluids. 16, 3839–3849 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1776963
Burguete, J., Mukolobwiez, N., Daviaud, F., Garnier, N., Chiffaudel, A.: Buoyant-thermocapillary instabilities in extended liquid layers subjected to a horizontal temperature gradient. Phys. Fluids. 13, 2773–2787 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1398536
Chai, A.T., Zhang, N.L.: Experimental study of Marangoni-Bénard convection in a liquid layer induced by evaporation. Exp. Heat Transf. 11, 187–205 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1080/08916159808946561
Li, Y.R., Grigoriev, R., Yoda, M.: Experimental study of the effect of noncondensables on buoyancy-thermocapillary convection in a volatile low-viscosity silicone oil. Phys. Fluids. 26, 122112 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4904870
Qin, T.R.: Buoyancy-thermocapillary convection of volatile fluids in confined and sealed geometries. (2017). http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-61331-4
Qin, T.R., Tuković, Z., Grigoriev, R.O.: Buoyancy-thermocapillary convection of volatile fluids under atmospheric conditions. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 75, 284–301 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2014.03.027
Riley, R.J., Neitzel, G.P.: Instability of thermocapillary–buoyancy convection in shallow layers. Part 1. Characterization of steady and oscillatory instabilities. J. Fluid Mech. 359, 143–164 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112097008343
Sáenz, P.J., Valluri, P., Sefiane, K., Karapetsas, G., Matar, O.K.: Linear and nonlinear stability of hydrothermal waves in planar liquid layers driven by thermocapillarity. Phys. Fluids. 25, 094101 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4819884
Sáenz, P.J., Valluri, P., Sefiane, K., Karapetsas, G., Matar, O.K.: On phase change in Marangoni-driven flows and its effects on the hydrothermal-wave instabilities. Phys. Fluids. 26, 024114 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4866770
Schwabe, D., Scharmann, A., Preisser, F., Oeder, R.: Experiments on surface tension driven flow in floating zone melting. J. Cryst. Growth. 43, 305–312 (1978)
Smith, M.K., Davis, S.H.: Instabilities of dynamic thermocapillary liquid layers. Part 1. Convective instabilities. J. Fluid Mech. 132, 119–144 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112083001512
Xu, G.F., Liu, Q.S., Qin, J., Zhu, Z.Q.: Numerical study of thermocapillary-buoyancy convection of volatile liquid layer in an enclosed cavity. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 32, 305–319 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-019-09763-1
Xu, J.Y., Zebib, A.: Oscillatory two- and three-dimensional thermocapillary convection. J. Fluid Mech. 364, 187–209 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112098001232
Zhang, N.L., Chao, D.F.: Mechanisms of convection instability in thin liquid layers induced by evaporation. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. 26, 1069–1080 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1933(99)00098-6
Zhu, Z.Q., Liu, Q.S.: Coupling of thermocapillary convection and evaporation effect in a liquid layer when the evaporating interface is open to air. Chin. Sci. Bull. 55, 233–238 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-009-0693-2
Zhu, Z.Q., Liu, Q.S., Xie, J.C.: Experimental study on the combined evaporation effect and thermocapillary convection in a thin liquid layer. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 21, 241–246 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-009-9123-y
Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 11532015, No. 11302236), by the Strategic Priority Research Program on Space Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grants No. XDA04073000, XDA04020202-02) and China Manned Space Program (TZ-1).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of Interests
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This article is part of the Topical Collection on The Effect of Gravity on Non-equilibrium Processes in Fluids
Guest Editors: Tatyana Lyubimova, Valentina Shevtsova
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qin, J., Liu, QS., Tao, YQ. et al. Thermocapillary-buoyancy Convection Driven by a Horizontal Temperature Gradient in a Thin Liquid Layer: The Effect of Evaporation. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 34, 66 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-022-09976-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-022-09976-x