Abstract
Due to the reduced dimensions of electronic equipment and the need for thermal management of these equipment, In order to increase efficiency and longevity of component, heat sinks with micro aspects are very important. In this study, heat transfer of micro heat pipe has been studied experimentally. For this purpose, firstly the micro heat pipe that is suitable for industrial conditions and restrictions for the production of very small size triangular section was designed and built. According to the very small size of the primary copper tube, the manufacturing process requires precision and advanced technology. In such a way, at first the samples of fine copper tube available in the market was provided and during the process of heat and tension was brought, at the same time, to the desired thickness and diameter and then by using provided wedge the appropriate cross section is achieved. To apply thermal load, a set of various thermal flux was applied to the evaporator and temperature distribution achieved via five thermocouples which were installed on the body in accordance with the set-up and heat resistance was measured. Water and different solution mixture of water and ethanol were used to investigate effect of the electric double layer heat transfer. It was noticed that the electric double layer of ionized fluid has caused reduction of heat transfer. So that the effect of the double electric layer causes 20% drop in the thermal performance of heat pipe. However, when the operating fluid was normal water or a mixture of water and ethanol, the temperature difference between the evaporator and the condenser was higher than when pure water used. This was due to the fact that the dual electrical layer led to a disruption in the flow path inside the pipe. Micro heat pipe performance was affected due to the small size of the micro pipe as well as the ions in the fluid, causing a higher temperature difference between the evaporator and condenser sections.
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Abbreviations
- v :
-
Velocity (m/s)
- v l :
-
Velocity of the liquid (m/s)
- v g :
-
Velocity of the vapor (m/s)
- v r :
-
The difference between the velocity of the liquid phase and the vapor phase velocity VL − vG (m/s)
- t :
-
Time (s)
- P:
-
Pressure(Pa)
- T :
-
Matrix transpose
- g :
-
Acceleration of gravity (m/s2)
- F :
-
Body force (N)
- f 1 :
-
The force caused by an external electric potential (N)
- f 2 :
-
Body force generated by an electrical double layer between the liquid and solid (N)
- f 3 :
-
Body force generated by an electrical double layer between the liquid and vapor (N)
- E :
-
Electro viscous force (N)
- k :
-
The curvature (viewed from the vapor phase)
- k :
-
The inverse of Debye length (m−1)
- k b :
-
Boltzmann’s constant (1.3 × 10−3)
- \( \overset{\rightharpoonup }{n} \) :
-
The unit normal vector of the interface (outward from the gas to liquid phases)
- S h :
-
Any heating source including radiation and (W/m3)
- k eff :
-
Effective thermal conductivity (W/(m.K))
- T :
-
Temperature (K)
- q ′ ′ ′ :
-
Heat generated by the thermal source (W/m3)
- k s :
-
Thermal conductivity coefficient of the wall (W/(m.K))
- C p :
-
Specific heat (J/(kg.K))
- k :
-
Inverse of Debye length (1/m)
- F :
-
Faraday constant (9.65 × 104)
- R :
-
Universal gas constant (8.314 × 103 J/(mol.K))
- c i, 0 :
-
Bulk concentration of the ith ion
- n 0 :
-
Bulk ionic concentration,
- z :
-
Valence of ions
- e :
-
Charge of a proton
- q :
-
Charge of the ion
- l :
-
Liquid
- g :
-
Gas
- ρ :
-
Density (Kg/m3)
- ρ e :
-
Volumetric charging of the double electrical layer (C/m2)
- μ :
-
Dynamic viscosity (Pa.s)
- σ :
-
Coefficient of contact surface tension (N/m)
- α :
-
Volume fraction
- ϕ :
-
External electrical potential (V)
- ψ 1 :
-
Potential of the wall recharge (V)
- ψ 2 :
-
Electric potential (V)
- ε :
-
Dielectric coefficient (C/m3)
- μ S :
-
Chemical potential of ions at the contact level (J/mol)
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This article belongs to the Topical Collection: Heat Pipe Systems for Thermal Management in Space
Guest Editors: Raffaele Savino, Sameer Khandekar
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Fallah Abbasi, M., Shokouhmand, H. Experimental Investigation on Effect of EDL on Heat Transfer of Micro Heat Pipe. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 31, 317–326 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-019-9685-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-019-9685-2