Abstract
Microgravity and radiation exposure experienced during space flights result in immune system suppression. In long-term spaceflight, the crew is exposed to space radiation, microgravity, infectious agents from other crew members, and microbial contamination, all of which have a significant impact on the body’s immune system and may contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases, allergic reactions, and/or cancer initiation. Many studies have revealed strong effects of microgravity on immune cell function, and microgravity is now considered as one of the major causes of immune dysfunction during space flight (Sundaresan, Int. J. Transp. Phenom. 12(1-2), 93–100, 2011; Martinelli et al., IEEE Eng. Biol. Med. 28(4), 85–90, 2009). We screened two newly synthetized derivatives of benzofuran 2-carboxylic acid, KMEG and KM12. The former KMEG was assessed for lymphoproliferative activities while the latter, KM12, was used in an array of cancer cell lines for testing its cancer inhibiting effects. For ground-based studies, synthetic benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid derivatives were assessed for biological effects in several scenarios, which involved exposure to modeled microgravity and radiation, as well as their immune enhancement and anti-cancer effects. Initial findings indicate that the benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid derivatives possibly have immune enhancing and anti-tumor properties in human lymphocytes and cancer cells exposed to analog spaceflight conditions modeled microgravity and γ-radiation).
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Sundaresan, A., Marriott, K., Mao, J. et al. The Effects of Benzofuran-2-Carboxylic Acid Derivatives as Countermeasures in Immune Modulation and Cancer Cell Inhibition. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 27, 129–140 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-014-9408-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-014-9408-7