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Vibration test method of aero-engine 3D printing pre-swirl nozzle based on equivalent installation stiffness

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Abstract

Pre-swirl nozzle is an important cooling component that is located inside of aero-engine and exposed to complex vibration excitation, and exploring its vibration characteristics and durability is of significant importance, especially for 3D printing pre-swirl nozzle. The present study provides a novel vibration test method based on equivalent installation stiffness. Firstly, the vibration characteristics of pre-swirl nozzle in real engine assembly state is calculated by the finite element method, and the equivalent constraint fixture is designed and checked based on this. The check results indicate that the designed fixture can well restore the installation stiffness of engine and the strength of the test fixture elements is enough in the vibration test process. Then, the modal characteristics of pre-swirl nozzle are measured by modal test, based on which the accuracy of the finite element model is verified. Finally, a test program of vibration durability is established to evaluate the vibration durability of pre-swirl nozzle, in which the excitation frequency is determined by combining logarithmic frequency sweep and linear frequency sweep and the location of maximum stress is determined based on a novel method (density increasing method). Besides, the calibration of relation between vibration stress and excitation amplitude is completed. Based on the proposed test program, vibration durability test is performed. The results show that the natural frequency of pre-swirl nozzle only decreases by 0.62 % after 5×107 cycles, which indicates that the specimen is always in the stage of fatigue crack initiation over the test duration.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51975471), National Science and Technology Major Project (2017-VIII-0003-0114) and Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (Grant No. 2018JQ5041).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China

    Yujie Zhao, Yeda Lian, Lei Li & Wei Liu

  2. AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China

    Xu Gong & Xianghai Chai

Authors
  1. Yujie Zhao
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  2. Yeda Lian
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  3. Lei Li
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  4. Xu Gong
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  5. Xianghai Chai
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  6. Wei Liu
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Correspondence to Lei Li or Wei Liu.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Additional information

Yujie Zhao is a Ph.D. student in School of Mechanics and Civil Architecture at Northwestern Polytechnical University in Xi’an, China. His research focused on structural vibration analysis and vibration fatigue evaluation of aero-engine turbine blades and other key components.

Lei Li is a Professor in the School of Mechanics and Civil Architecture at Northwestern Polytechnical University in Xi’an, China. His research interests are in structural design and multidisciplinary optimization, structural dynamics, and structural reliability analysis and design.

Wei Liu is an Associate Professor in the School of Mechanics and Civil Architecture, North-western Polytechnical University. His research interests are dynamic design and experimental analysis of aircraft and engine piping systems and other key structures.

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Zhao, Y., Lian, Y., Li, L. et al. Vibration test method of aero-engine 3D printing pre-swirl nozzle based on equivalent installation stiffness. J Mech Sci Technol 37, 617–630 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-023-0107-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-023-0107-4

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