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Experimental and numerical investigation of square heat sink having staggered and inline pin fin arrays placed at different orientation

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Abstract

The present problem is devoted to establish the effect of orientation on thermohydraulic performance of a horizontal heat sink with vertical pin-fin-array under forced convective environment. The fins are embedded on the base-plate of the heat sink in inline and staggered manner. When air passes over the fin-arrays it convects the heat conducted from the solid base-plate to the fins’ surface. Both the experimental and numerical studies have been performed under the same geometric configurations of the test plate and an acceptable agreement in results is obtained. To examine the influence of the orientation angle (β) on system performance, the heat sink is rotated anticlockwise in a regular interval from 0° to 360° about a vertical axis passing through the centre of the sink. The study has been performed over a large number of incoming Reynolds numbers (Re = 8500 to 38500) to investigate the possibility to achieve an optimal angle of orientation when Nusselt number (Nu) is maximum. Test results show that thermal dissipation attains maximum value at β = 40° for the inline array and that for β = 120° in case of staggered array. For low Reynolds number values (Re = 8500), the system performance is found better at an angle 35° and 120° for inline and staggered arrangement respectively. However, with Re = 38500, the maximum system performance is achieved at an angle 10° and 240° for inline and staggered arrangement respectively.

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Abbreviations

d h :

Channel hydraulic diameter (mm)

D :

Pin diameter (mm)

H :

Pin height (mm)

H c :

Channel height (mm)

k :

Thermal conductivity of fin material (W m−1K−1)

k air :

Thermal conductivity of air (W m−1K−1)

L :

Length of heated base plate (m)

L Row :

Longitudinal pitch (mm)

L Pitch :

Transverse pitch (mm)

Nu :

Nusselt number

P in :

Inlet pressure (Pa)

P out :

Outlet pressure (Pa)

ΔP :

Pressure drop across test section, Pin–Pout (Pa)

q w :

Heat flux (W m−2)

T in :

Inlet temperature (K)

T out :

Outlet temperature (K)

T w :

Average fin base temperature (K)

u i :

Inlet air velocity (m/s)

W c :

Channel width (mm)

β :

Orientation angle

η :

System performance

μ :

Viscosity of air (kgm−1s−1)

ρ :

Density of air (kgm−3)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, 713209, W.B., India

    Pabitra Kumar Mandal, Sayantan Sengupta & Subhas Chandra Rana

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. B.C. Roy Engineering College, Durgapur, 713206, W.B., India

    Pabitra Kumar Mandal

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar, 788010, Assam, India

    Dipankar Bhanja

Authors
  1. Pabitra Kumar Mandal
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  2. Sayantan Sengupta
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Correspondence to Pabitra Kumar Mandal.

Additional information

Pabitra Kumar Mandalis is a faculty of Dr. B. C. Roy Engineering College, Durgapur, West Bengal, India. He is holding the post of Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering. He is pursuing his Ph.D. in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT -Durgapur, India. He did his B.E. (Mechanical) from Jalpaiguri Government Engineering College under University of North Bengal in the year of 2003. After that he did M. Tech. from I.I.T — Kharagpur in the Department of Aerospace Engineering in the year 2006. He is the life member of Indian Society for Heat and Mass Transfer (Regd.).

Sayantan Sengupta was born in 1987 in Pandua, a village in the district Hooghly, of West Bengal in India. Dr. Sayantan Sengupta is presently working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering in NIT Durgapur, West Bengal. Before that, he was in Dr. B. C. Roy Engineering College, Durgapur, West Bengal, from September 2017 to October 2018 in the Department of Mechanical Engineering. He completed B. Tech. (Mechanical) from Jalpaiguri Government Engineering College in 2009. After that, he joined as an M. Tech. student in the Department of Mechanical Engineering of I.I.T-Kharagpur. He completed M. Tech. in 2011 and awarded a Ph.D. in 2017 from the same Institute. His expertise includes analytical fluid Mechanics, CFD, rotational flow, Tesla turbine, condensation, heat transfer augmentation, solar collector, and optimization techniques. To date, he has published 13 research articles in various SCI/SCIE indexed journals and a few papers in various other international journals and conferences. Sengupta has worked as a reviewer for different journals, viz. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Physics of Fluids, European Journal of Mechanics-B/Fluids, Fluid Dynamics Research, Energy-Conversion and Management, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, and Journal of Molecular Liquids.

Subhas Chandra Rana is a faculty in NIT - Durgapur, India. He is holding the post of Associate Prof. in the Department of Mechanical Engineering in the National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, India. He did his B. Tech. in the Mechanical Engineering Department from REC Durgapur in the year 1988 and M. Tech. from same institute in the year of 2002. His Ph.D. is from I.I.T- Madras in the year of 2016. His research interests include thermo-acoustic instability, CFD and heat transfer. He holds publications in reputed journals and conferences.

Dipankar Bhanja is a faculty in NIT - Silchar, India. He is holding the post of Assistant Professor, Grade-I in the Mechanical Engineering Department. He did his B. E. in Mechanical Engineering from Jalpaiguri Government Engineering College, India in the year of 2000 and M.E in Production Engineering from Jadavpur University in 2002. He did his Ph.D. Degree in Mechanical Engineering from Jadavpur University in 2014. He is the author of about 40 technical papers published in referred international journals and 35 papers in various other journals and conferences. Dr. Bhanja is the life member of Institute of Engineers. He is reviewer of various journals of repute.

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Mandal, P.K., Sengupta, S., Rana, S.C. et al. Experimental and numerical investigation of square heat sink having staggered and inline pin fin arrays placed at different orientation. J Mech Sci Technol 35, 5187–5195 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-021-1036-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-021-1036-8

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