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Investigating the performance of ice slurry system and the growth of ice crystals using seawater

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Abstract

This study investigates ice slurry systems, their transport characteristics, and seawater ice crystal formation through microscopy. Here, the salinity of seawater was set to vary between 10 and 30 ppt (part per thousand) and was used to form ice slurries. Pump flow rates were adjusted to be in between 5 and 30 L/min, while the scraper speed was set to vary at 350-550 RPM in positive correlation with the speed. It was discovered that ice slurries generated with a salinity of 10 ppt seawater had a significantly positive effect on ice production rate. Additionally, such ice slurries resulted in an intended reduction on the formation time of the ice slurries, while the flow and stirring rates were maintained between 10 to 15 L/min and 400 to 450 RPM, respectively. Additionally, the transport characteristics of the ice slurry were affected in terms of the increase in flow rate, salinity, and ice mass fraction. As an interesting threshold, the diameter of the ice crystals increased as storage time increased, and seawater concentration decreased, which was followed by agglomeration and the Ostwald ripening phenomenon. For cold storage applications, therefore, a low salinity of seawater (10-20 ppt) and 60 % ice mass fraction were recommended to deliver the best intended performance in an ice slurry system.

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Abbreviations

A:

Crystal area (μm2)

C:

Concentration (−)

Ĉ:

Specific heat (kJ/kg·K)

d:

Crystal diameter (μm)

COP:

Coefficient of performance refrigeration (−)

D:

Crystal diameter (μm)

h:

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

L:

Latent heat of ice at 0 °C (kJ/kg)

m:

Mass (kg)

m̄:

Mass flow rate (kg / s)

N:

Number of samples (−)

P:

Power (Watt)

ΔP:

Pressure drop (Pa)

W:

Total power consumption (Watt)

Q:

Cooling capacity (Watt)

Q:

Transport capacity (kWatt)

T:

Temperature (°C )

t:

Time (minute)

X:

Mass fraction ( − )

E, F, G, H:

Correlations parameter ( − )

u:

Volume flow rate (m3 / s)

η:

Efficiency ( − )

σ:

Standard deviation ( − )

cf:

Carrier fluid

evap:

Evaporator

f:

Fluid

fs:

Fusion

g:

Gas

HP:

High pressure

i:

Ice

in:

Inlet

is:

Ice slurry

l:

Liquid

LP:

Low pressure

o:

Initial

OC:

Outlet compressor

s:

Final

t:

Total

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Acknowledgments

The authors want to thank Universitas Indonesia for funding this work with grant PITTA A (NKB-0454/UN2.R3.1/HKP. 05.00/2019).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok, 16424, Indonesia

    F. A. Rayhan, A. S. Pamitran &  Yanuar

  2. Department of Biology, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok, 16424, Indonesia

    M. P. Patria

Authors
  1. F. A. Rayhan
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  2. A. S. Pamitran
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  3. Yanuar
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  4. M. P. Patria
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yanuar.

Additional information

This paper is an extended and revised article presented at the 3rd I-TREC (International Tropical Renewable Energy Conference), Bali, Indonesia, September 6-8, 2018.

Recommended by Editor Yong Tae Kang

Fajri Ashfi Rayhan is a Ph.D. candidate of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia. He received his M.D. and B.S. in Mechanical Engineering and Marine Engineering from Universitas Indonesia. His research interests include phase change slurry, rheology of complex fluid and refrigeration.

Agus Sunjarianto Pamitran is a Lecturer of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, De-pok, Indonesia. He received his Ph.D. and M.Eng. in Mechanical Engineering from Chonnam University, Korea. His research interests include, two-phase flow, and refrigeration.

Yanuar is a Professor and Lecturer of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia. He received his Doctor Eng. and Master Eng. in University of Tokyo Metropolitan. His research interests include drag reduction, rheology, and ship propulsion.

Mufti Petala Patria is a Lecturer of the Department of Biology, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia. He received his Ph.D. from Universitaet Hamburg, Germany and M.Sc. degree in Coastal Management from the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. His research interests include ecophysiology, biodiversity and conservation of marine organisms.

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Rayhan, F.A., Pamitran, A.S., Yanuar et al. Investigating the performance of ice slurry system and the growth of ice crystals using seawater. J Mech Sci Technol 34, 2627–2636 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-020-0536-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-020-0536-2

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