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1D-3D coupling algorithm for unsteady gas flow analysis in pipe systems

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Abstract

Numerical analysis of intake and exhaust systems in diesel engines has been used to reduce harmful emissions from them. An unsteady gas flow analysis in 3D format of the intake and exhaust systems was inefficient due to the need for a high-resolution workstation and enormous time for analysis. Therefore, a 1D-3D coupling algorithm was developed to resolve this issue. The algorithm was based on the method of characteristics coded in the C language for ID, and utilized ANSYS FLUENT R15.0, a commercial computation fluid dynamics program for 3D. The 1D-3D coupling method employed a User-Defined Function to share the computation between ID and 3D. Numerical analyses of unsteady gas flow in a pipe system were performed under four conditions including ID, 3D, 1D-3D and 3D-1D coupling. As a result, the characteristics of gas flow including pressure and velocity distributions were similar and the calculation time of 1D-3D coupling model was 11.46 times faster than in 3D. Therefore, the proposed algorithm was strongly expected to enhance the results and shorten the calculation time.

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Abbreviations

A :

Non-dimensional speed of sound

a :

Speed of sound (m/s)

a ref :

Reference speed of sound (m/s)

C :

Courant number

C max :

Maximum Courant number

L ref :

Reference length

p :

Pressure (bar)

p ref :

Reference pressure (bar)

t :

Time (sec)

U :

Non-dimensional velocity

u :

Gas velocity (m/s)

X :

Non-dimensional distance

x :

Distance (m)

Z :

Non-dimensional time

β :

(-) X direction characteristics

κ :

Ratio of specific heats

λ :

(+) X direction characteristics

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea

    Kyeong-Ju Kong, Suk-Ho Jung & Dae-Kwon Koh

  2. The College of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea

    Tae-Young Jeong

Authors
  1. Kyeong-Ju Kong
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  2. Suk-Ho Jung
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  3. Tae-Young Jeong
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  4. Dae-Kwon Koh
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dae-Kwon Koh.

Additional information

Recommended by Associate Editor Seong Hyuk Lee

Kyeong-Ju Kong received his B.S. and M.S. in the Department of Mechanical System Engineering from Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea, in 2010 and 2016, respectively. He now enrolled a doctorate program in Graduate Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Pukyong National University. He is research interests include CFD using 1D-3D coupling.

Dae-Kwon Koh received his Ph.D. in Department Marine Engineering from Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Korea, in 1996. Dr. Koh is a Professor in the Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Pukyong University. His main research fields include turbo engines, thermodynamics and gas dynamics of internal combustion engines.

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Kong, KJ., Jung, SH., Jeong, TY. et al. 1D-3D coupling algorithm for unsteady gas flow analysis in pipe systems. J Mech Sci Technol 33, 4521–4528 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-019-0848-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-019-0848-2

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