Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Morphology, microstructure, and mechanical properties of laser-welded joints in GH909 alloy

  • Published:
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The experimental laser welding of GH909 alloy was conducted in this study. The morphology, microstructure, and mechanical properties of laser-welded joints were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy diffraction spectroscopy, and other techniques. Results revealed that the microstructure of the welded joints mainly consisted of tiny cellular structures, dendritic structures, and equiaxed crystals. Pores appeared in the interdendritic regions because of the insufficient local feeding of molten metal during solidification. Nb segregation in the heat-affected zone caused liquation cracking, whereas C segregation further induced the formation of carbide precipitates along the grain boundaries during the welding thermal cycle. The instability of the keyhole significantly promoted the escape of the metal vapor/plasma from the hole; as a result, porosity defects formed in the weld. The average tensile strength of the test joints was 756 MPa, which is 93.1 % of that of the base metal. The average microhardness of the weld zone (250 HV) was higher than that of the GH909 alloy substrate (208 HV), peaking at 267 HV. Microcracks appeared along the grain boundaries, proving that the grain boundaries were the weakest areas in the joint.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. G. W. Han and Y. Y. Zhang, Variations in microstructure and properties of GH783 alloy after long term thermal exposure, Materials Science and Engineering A, 441 (2006) 253–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Y. R. Sun, W. R. Sun, G. C. Hou, S. R. Guo, Z. Liu, Z. Q. Hu and N. K. Park, Influence of phosphorus on oxidation behavior of low thermal expansion superalloy IN909 at 650°C, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 16 (2006) 1958–1961.

    Google Scholar 

  3. J. H. Zhu, S. J. Geng and D. A. Ballard, Evaluation of several lowthermal expansion Fe-Co-Ni alloys as interconnect for reduced-temperature solid oxide fuel cell, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 32 (2007) 3682–3688.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. J. F. Zhang, Y. F. Tu, J. Xu, J. S. Zhang and J. L. Zhang, Effect of solid solution treatment on microstructure of Fe-Ni based high strength low thermal expansion alloy, Internationl Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 15 (1) (2008) 75–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. R. M. Wang, C. Z. Li, D. H. Ping and M. G. Yan, Microanalytical study of the hexagonal phase in an yttriumcontaining low expansion superalloy, Materials Science and Engineering A, 241 (1998) 83–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. X. P. Guo, K. Kusabiraki and S. Saji, Intragranular precipitates in Incoloy alloy 909, Scripta Materialia, 44 (2001) 55–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. B. Deng, D. Feng, X. D. Wang, C. F. Lu, D. L. Li, G. W. Han and Z. Y. Zhong, Effect of Yttrium on microstructure and property of low expansive superalloy GH909, Journal of Iron and Steel Reaearch, 15 (7) (2003) 111–114.

    Google Scholar 

  8. L. Z. Ma and K. M. Chang, Effects of different metallurgical processing on microstructures and mechanical properties of inconel alloy 783, JMEPEG, 13 (2004) 32–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. O. Covarrubias, O. Elizarraras and R. Colas, Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties of alloy 909, Materials Science and Technology, 27 (6) (2011) 1092–1097.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Z. Y. Zhao, X. F. Zhang, H. T. Zhao and R. D. Xue, Effects on precipitates of GH909 plate TIG weld under different heat treatments, Materials Science and Technology, 13 (2011) 102–105.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Y. G. Liu, R. Nakkalil, N. L. Richards and M. C. Chaturvedi, The effect of initial microstructure on heataffected zone microfissuring in Incoloy 903, Materials Science and Engineering A, 202 (1995) 179–187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. W. H. Liu, S. Q. Guo, Y. E. Lei, W. Mao and B. Zhou, Microstructure and property of the GH783 joint brazed with BNi68CrWB filler metal, Materials Engineering, 6 (2010) 73–77.

    Google Scholar 

  13. K. R. Vishwakarma and M. C. Chaturvedi, Effect of boron and phosphorus on HAZ microfissuring of Allvac 718 Plus superalloy, Materials Science and Technology, 25 (2009) 351–360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. O. A. Ojo, N. L. Richards and M. C. Chaturvedi, Microstructural study of weld fusion zone of TIG welded IN 738LC nickel-based superalloy, Scripta Materialia, 51 (2004) 683–688.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. L. O. Osoba and O. A. Ojo, Influence of laser welding heat input on HAZ cracking in newly developed Haynes 282 superalloy, Materials Science and Technology, 28 (4) (2012) 431–436.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. J. L. L. Huang, N. Warnken, J. C. Gwbelin, M. Strangwood and R. C. Reed, On the mechanism of porosity formation during welding of titanium alloys, Acta Materialia, 60 (2012) 3215–3225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. H. Y. Zhao, W. C. Niu and B. Zhang, Modelling of keyhole dynamics and porosity formation considering the adaptive keyhole shape and three-phase coupling during deep-penetration laser welding, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 48 (2011) 5302–5308.

    Google Scholar 

  18. F. Yan, C. M. Wang, Y. J. Wang, X. Y. Hu, T. J. Wang, J. M. Li and G. Z. Li, A study of the mechanism of laser welding defects in low thermal expansion superalloy GH909, Materials Characterization, 78 (2013) 21–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. E. M. Anawa and A. G. Olabi, Optimization of tensile strength of ferritic/austenitic laser-welded components, Optics and Lasers Engineering, 46 (2008) 571–577.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Y. J. Wang, EBM for superalloy GH4169/GH907Aviation, Aviation Technology, 2 (1995) 11–14.

  21. F. Yan, G. Z. Wang, C. M. Wang, X. Y. Hu, Y. J. Wang, Y. Tan, Z. C. Chen and S. Li, Microstructures and properties of laser welding joint of super-eutectic ZA alloy, Materials & Design, 43 (2013) 25–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Chunming Wang, Yuanzheng Cai, Chongjing Hu, Xiong Zhang, Fei Yan & Xiyuan Hu

  2. School of Automobile Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Fei Yan

Authors
  1. Chunming Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yuanzheng Cai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Chongjing Hu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Xiong Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Fei Yan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Xiyuan Hu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fei Yan.

Additional information

Recommended by Associate Editor Young Whan Park

Chun-ming Wang is a Professor at the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China. His research interest is laser processing. He authored 30 published papers.

Fei Yan received his doctorate degree in Material Processing Engineering from the Huazhong University of Technology, China, in 2015. He is a Lecturer at the School of Automobile Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, China. His research focuses on lightweight automobiles.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wang, C., Cai, Y., Hu, C. et al. Morphology, microstructure, and mechanical properties of laser-welded joints in GH909 alloy. J Mech Sci Technol 31, 2497–2504 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-017-0447-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-017-0447-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation