Abstract
In cold orbital forging machine with two eccentricity rings, the kinetic locus of the upper tool includes two types. The first one is the kinetic locus of one point in the axis of the upper tool, which is produced by the motion of the two eccentricity rings. The second one is the kinetic locus of one point in the working surface of the upper tool, which is produced by the first type of kinetic locus. Both types of kinetic locus of the upper tool is critical to cold orbital forging. The first one has great influences on the deformation of cold orbital forged components and the second one can be used to make the intervention examination between the upper tool and components. So this paper aims at obtaining the kinetic locus of the upper tool in cold orbital forging machine with two eccentricity rings so as to better design and check the cold orbital forging tools. Firstly, a model of analyzing the kinetic locus of the upper tool is developed. Then, the general equations of the kinetic locus of the upper tool, which can describe the kinetic locus of the arbitrary point in the upper tool under all kinds of geometric and kinematic relations between the two eccentricity rings in cold orbital forging machine, are achieved. Finally, the characteristics and applications of the kinetic locus of the upper tool are discussed based on these equations. This study has great significances for adjusting the two eccentricity rings of the machine to control the motion of the upper tool and designing and checking the cold orbital forging tools.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. B. Hawkyard, C. K. S. Gurnani and W. Johnson, Presuredistribution measurements in rotary forging, Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 19 (4) (1977) 135–142.
X. H. Pei, D. C. Zhou and Z. R. Wang, Some basic problems of the rotary forging and its application, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Rotary Metalworking processes (1982) 81–90.
X. H. Han and L. Hua, Investigation on contact parameters in cold rotary forging using a 3D FE method, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 62 (9-3) (2012) 1087–1106.
J. Oudin, Y. Ravalard, G. Verwaerde and J. C. Gelin, Force, torque and plastic flow analysis in rotary upsetting of ring shaped billets, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 27 (11-3) (1985) 761–780.
S. Choi, K. H. Na and J. H. Kim, Upper-bound analysis of the rotary forging of a cylindrical billet, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 67 (1-3) (1997) 78–82.
T. Canta, D. Frunza, D. Sabadus and C. Tintelecan, Some aspects of energy distribution in rotary forming processes, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 80-81 (1998) 195–198.
E. Appleton and R. A. C. Slater, Effects of upper platen configuration in the rotary forging process and rotary forging into a contoured lower platen, International Journal of Machine Tool Design and Research, 13 (1) (1973) 43–62.
P. M. Standring, J. R. Moon and E. Appleton, Plastic deformation produced during indentation phase of rotary forging, Metals Technology, 7 (3) (1980) 159–166.
D. C. Zhou, Y. D. Han and Z. R. Wang, Research on rotary forging and its distribution of deformation, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 31 (1-3) (1992) 161–168.
H. K. Oh and S. Choi, A study on center thinning in the rotary forging of a circular plate, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 66 (1-3) (1997) 101–106.
S. J. Yuan, X. H. Wang, G. Liou and D. C. Zhou, The precision forming of pin parts by cold-drawing and rotaryforging, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 86 (1-3) (1999) 252–256.
G. Liu, S. J. Yuan, Z. R. Wang and D. C. Zhou, Explanation of the mushroom effect in the rotary forging of a cylinder, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 151 (1-3) (2004) 178–182.
G. C. Wang, J. Guan and G. Q. Zhao, A photo-plastic experimental study on deformation of rotary forging a ring workpiece, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 169 (1) (2005) 108–114.
J. J. Sheu and C. H. Yu, The tool failure prediction and prevention of the orbital forging process, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 201 (1-3) (2008) 9–13.
J. Nowak, L. Madej, S. Ziolkiewicz, A. Plewinski, F. Grosman and M. Pietrzyk, Recent development in orbital forging technology, International Journal of Material Forming, 1 (1) (2008) 387–390.
I. Montoya, M. T. Santos, I. Pérez, B. González and J. F. Puigjaner, Kinematic and sensitivity analysis of rotary forging process by means of a simulation model, International Journal of Material Forming, 1 (1) (2008) 383–386.
X. H. Han and L. Hua, Comparison between cold rotary forging and conventional forging, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 23 (10) (2009) 2668–2678.
X. B. Deng, L. Hua, X. H. Han and Y. L. Song, Numerical and experimental investigation of cold rotary forging of a 20CrMnTi alloy spur bevel gear, Materials and Design, 32 (3) (2011) 1376–1389.
M. Merklein, R. Plettke and S. Opel, Orbital forming of tailored blanks from sheet metal, CIRP Annals -Manufacturing Technology, 61 (1) (2012) 263–266.
F. Grosman, L. Madej, S. Ziólkiewicz and J. Nowak, Experimental and numerical investigation on development of new incremental forming process, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 212 (11) (2012) 2200–2209.
G. Samolyk, Investigation of the cold orbital forging process of an AlMgSi alloy bevel gear, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 213 (10) (2013) 1692–1702.
G. Samolyk, Numerical investigation of producing a Ti6AI4V alloy jaw coupling sleeve-disk by orbital forging, Metalurgija, 53 (4) (2014) 497–500.
X. H. Han, L. Hua, W. H. Zhuang and X. C. Zhang, Process design and control in cold rotary forging of non-rotary gear parts, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 214 (11) (2014) 2402–2416.
Y. M. Hu and L. C. Che, Investigation on the motion path of rocking tool in PXW rotary forging press, Forging & Stamping Technology, 3 (1993) 25–29 (in Chinese).
W. C. Feng, W. G. Yao and P. Jiang, Influence of eccentricity on movements of orbital head with double eccentric structure in orbital forging, Procedia Engineering, 81 (2014) 2348–2354.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Recommended by Associate Editor Dae-Cheol Ko
Xinghui Han received his Ph.D. degree in Materials Processing Engineering from Wuhan University of Technology, China, in 2010. He is currently an associate professor at Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components at Wuhan University of Technology in Wuhan, China. Dr. Han’s research interests include advanced forming and equipment technology.
Xinchang Zhang received his B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering and Automation from Qingdao University, China, in 2013. He is currently a master at Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components at Wuhan University of Technology in Wuhan, China. His research interests include advanced forming and equipment technology.
Lin Hua received his Ph.D. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Xi’an Jiaotong University, China, in 2000. Dr. Hua is currently a professor at Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components at Wuhan University of Technology in Wuhan, China. Dr. Hua’s research interests include advanced forming and equipment technology.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Han, X., Zhang, X. & Hua, L. Calculation of kinetic locus of upper tool in cold orbital forging machine with two eccentricity rings. J Mech Sci Technol 29, 4351–4358 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-015-0933-0
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-015-0933-0