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The effect of nonequilibrium condensation on hysteresis phenomenon of under-expanded jets

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Abstract

Under-expanded jets which are discharged from an orifice or a nozzle have long been subject of researches for aeronautical and mechanical applications. Provided that the jet pressure ratio and nozzle configuration are known, the major features of the steady jet are now well known. However, the jet pressure ratio is often varied even during the process in many practical applications. Many questions remain unanswered with regard to how the supersonic jet responds to the transient process of the pressure ratio and whether the steady jet data for a specific pressure ratio can still bear the same during the transient process of pressure ratio. In the present study, the hysteric phenomenon of under-expanded jets has been investigated with the help of computational fluid dynamics methods. The under-expanded jets of both dry and moist air have been employed to investigate the transient processes of the pressure ratio. The effects of nonequilibrium condensation occurring in the under-expanded moist air jets are explored on the hysteresis phenomenon. It is known that under-expanded air jet produced during the startup transient of jet behaves differently from the shutdown transient process, leading to the hysteric phenomenon of under-expanded jet. It is also known that the moist air jet reduces the hysteric phenomenon, compared with the dry air jet, and that non-equilibrium condensation which occurs in the underexpanded moist air jet is responsible for these findings.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Andong National University, Andong, 760-749, Korea

    Heuy-Dong Kim & Min-Sung Kang

  2. Kitakyushu National College of Technology, Kitakyushu, 802-0985, Japan

    Yumiko Otobe

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saga University, Saga, 840-8502, Japan

    Toshiaki Setoguchi

Authors
  1. Heuy-Dong Kim
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  2. Min-Sung Kang
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  3. Yumiko Otobe
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  4. Toshiaki Setoguchi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Heuy-Dong Kim.

Additional information

This paper was recommended for publication in revised form by Associate Editor Do Hyung Lee

Heuy-Dong Kim received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Kyungpook National University, Korea, in 1986 and 1988, respectively. He then received his Ph.D. degree from Kyushu University, Japan, in 1991. Dr. Kim is currently a Professor at the School of Mechanical Engineering, Andong National University, Korea. His research interests include High-Speed Trains, Ramiet and Scramiet, Shock Tube and Technology, Shock Wave Dynamics, Explosions & Blast Waves, Flow Measurement, Aerodynamic Noises and Supersonic Wind Tunnels.

Min-Sung Kang received his B.S. and M.S degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Andong National University, Korea, in 2007 and 2009, respectively. Mr. Kang is currently a researcher at the School of Mechanical Engineering at Andong National University, Korea. His research interests include cavity and supersonic nozzle flows.

Yumiko Otobe received her B.S. degree in Faculty of Engineering from Yamaguchi University, Japan, in 1978. She then received her Eng. D. degree from Saga University, Japan, in 2007. Dr. Otobe is currently a Research Associate at the Department of Control & Information Systems Engineering, Kitakyushu National College of Technology, Japan. Dr. Otobe’s research interests include sonic and supersonic jets of various gases as well as nonequilibrium condensation phenomena.

Toshiaki Setoguchi received his B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan, in 1976. He then received his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Kyushu University, Japan, in 1978 and 1981, respectively. Dr. Setoguchi is currently a Professor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saga University, Japan. His research interests include Nonequilibrium Condensation, Ramiet and Scramiet, Shock Tube and Technology, Shock Wave Dynamics, Explosions & Blast Waves, Aerodynamic Noises and Turbomachinery.

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Kim, HD., Kang, MS., Otobe, Y. et al. The effect of nonequilibrium condensation on hysteresis phenomenon of under-expanded jets. J Mech Sci Technol 23, 856–867 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-009-0207-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-009-0207-9

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