Abstract
The dynamic behavior of two circular tubular steel pedestrian bridges, namely an end cut-off girder bridge and a concrete-filled girder bridge, were examined in this study. The former is proposed in this study as a solution to the construction problems associated with the latter. The numerical models of the two bridges, which were developed and analyzed using the ABAQUS program, were subjected to pedestrian-induced vibrations and seismic excitations to evaluate the acceleration and stress response of the bridge and bridge girders, respectively. The results demonstrate that the two bridge types exhibit similar serviceability performance under a given dynamic load. Specifically, the acceleration response under pedestrian loading differed marginally between the two by approximately 5%. In contrast, the maximum stress in the end cut-off bridge under the seismic excitations was 45% higher than that in the concrete-filled bridge. However, the stress levels observed in both bridge types were within the seismic performance limit.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
ABAQUS (2020) ABAQUS analysis user’s manual-Version 6.20, USA
Banas A, Jankowski R (2020) Experimental and numerical study on dynamics of two footbridges with different shapes of girders. Applied Sciences 10(13):4505, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app10134505
Batoz J-L, Tahar M Ben (1982) Evaluation of a new quadrilateral thin plate bending element. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18(11):1655–1677, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181106
Blekherman AN (2007) Autoparametric resonance in a pedestrian steel arch bridge: Solferino bridge, Paris. Journal of Bridge Engineering 12(6):669–676, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2007)12:6(669)
Brunet Jr O, Rezende F, Carvalho EML, Varela WD, Pereira AMB (2022) Probabilistic vibration performance assessment of a long-span steel footbridge. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 36(1), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0001688
Chen B, Liu J, Wei J (2023) Concrete-filled steel tubular arch bridges. Springer Nature Singapore, Singapore
Cho S, Kong C, Kim Y, Chung W, Lee H (2021) Fatigue and fracture performance of a pedestrian bridge with a circular steel tube girder. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 25(8):3019–3030, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-021-0195-6
Chopra AK (2007) Dynamics of structures: Theory and applications to earthquake engineering, 3rd Ed., Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ
Ciura R, Drygała I, Dulinska JM (2018) Dynamic assessment of a cable-stayed footbridge under earthquake sequence using a concrete damage plasticity model (CDP). MATEC Web of Conferences 211:09002, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821109002
Cuevas GR, Jiménez-Alonso JF, Martínez F, Díaz IM (2021) Uncertainty-based approaches for the lateral vibration serviceability assessment of slender footbridges. Structures 33:3475–3485, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.06.055
Dallard P, Fitzpatrick T, Flint A, Low A, Smith RR, Willford M, Roche M (2001) London millennium bridge: Pedestrian-induced lateral vibration. Journal of Bridge Engineering 6(6):412–417, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2001)6:6(412)
Do KY, Yoon SW (2014) Analysis of natural frequency according to span of footbridges. Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction 26(5):375, DOI: https://doi.org/10.7781/kjoss.2014.26.5.375
Drygala IJ, Dulinska JM, Ciura R, Lachawiec K (2020a) Vibration serviceability of footbridges: Classical vs. Innovative Material solutions for deck slabs. Materials 13(13):3009, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13133009
Drygala IJ, Dulinska JM, Polak MA (2020b) Seismic assessment of footbridges under spatial variation of earthquake ground motion (SVEGM): Experimental testing and finite element analyses. Sensors 20(4):1227, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s20041227
Drygala IJ, Dulinska JM, Wazowski M (2017) Seismic performance of a cable-stayed footbridge using a concrete damage plasticity model. Procedia Engineering 193:525–532, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.06.246
EN 1998-2 (2005) Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance–Part 2: Bridges. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels
Górski P, Tatara M, Stankiewicz B (2021) Vibration serviceability of all-GFRP cable-stayed footbridge under various service excitations. Measurement 183:109822, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2021.109822
Han X, Han B, Xie H, Yan W, Yu J, He Y, Yan L (2022) Seismic stability analysis of the large-span concrete-filled steel tube arch bridge considering the long-term effects. Engineering Structures 268:114744, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114744
Hawryszków P (2021) Assessment of pedestrian comfort and safety of footbridges in dynamic conditions: Case study of a landmark arch footbridge. BUILDER 286(5):78–82, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8429
Hawryszków P, Biliszczuk J (2022) Vibration serviceability of footbridges made of the sustainable and eco structural material: Glued-laminated wood. Materials 15(4):1529, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15041529
Hawryszków P, Pimentel R, Silva R, Silva F (2021) Vertical vibrations of footbridges due to group loading: Effect of pedestrian–structure interaction. Applied Sciences 11(4):1355, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app11041355
Heinemeyer C, Butz C, Keil A, Schlaich M, Goldack A, Trometer S, Lukic M, Chabrolin B, Lemaire A, Martin P-O (2009) Design of Leightweight footbridges for human induced vibrations, Luxembourg
Higgoda TM, Elchalakani M, Kimiaei M, Wittek A, Yang B (2022) Flexural behaviour of pultruded circular tubular GFRP composite truss bridges with novel non-corrosive connections. Structures 45:830–853, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.09.063
Hilber HM, Hughes TJR, Taylor RL (1977) Improved numerical dissipation for time integration algorithms in structural dynamics. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 5(3):283–292, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290050306
Hu B, Che R, Wang J, He X, Li L, Kundu T (2023) Analytical investigation into the flexural behavior of steel tubular truss-and-concrete (STTC) composite beams. Structures 50:670–688, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.11.106
Ingólfsson ET, Georgakis CT, Jönsson J (2012) Pedestrian-induced lateral vibrations of footbridges: A literature review. Engineering Structures 45:21–52, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.05.038
Joseph JR, Henderson JH (2023) Concrete–filled steel tube truss girders—a state-of-the-art review. Journal of Engineering and Applied Science 70:49, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-023-00220-w
KDS 14 00 00 (2018) Structural design standards. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Sejong, Korea
KDS 17 10 00 (2018) General seismic design. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Sejong, Korea
KDS 24 00 00 (2022) Bridge design standards. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Sejong, Korea
KDS 24-17-11 (2022) Bridge seismic design standard. Ministry of Lands, Infrastructure and Transport, Sejong, Korea
Kim KS (2021) Ultimate behaviors of stiffened panel built up with twip steel subjected to perpendicular pressure. Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction 33(1):43–51, DOI: https://doi.org/10.7781/kjoss.2021.33.1.043
Liu S, Huang B, Xie YM (2021a) Effects of longitudinal and transverse curvatures on optimal design of shell footbridge. Structural Engineering and Mechanics 80(1):27–36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.80.1.027
Liu D, Xia Z, Wang J, Zuo J (2021b) Flexural strengthening mechanism of concrete-filled steel tube beam by welding round steel at soffit of the beam. Structures 34:2243–2261, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.08.081
Maraveas C, Fasoulakis Z, Tsavdaridis KD (2015) A review of human induced vibrations on footbridges. American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 8(4):422–433, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2015.422.433
Meisuh BK, Seo J, Huh J, Kim J, Kim J-M (2022) Seismic response of a container crane subjected to ground motions. Applied Ocean Research 126:103270, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2022.103270
Murray TM, Allen DE, Ungar EE, Davis DB (2016) Design Guide 11: Vibrations of steel-framed structural systems due to human activity, 2nd Ed., American Institute of Steel Construction, USA
Nguyen VT, Ahn J-H, Haldar A, Huh J (2022) Fragility-based seismic performance assessment of modular underground arch bridges. Structures 39:1218–1230, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.04.005
Nguyen VB, Huh J, Meisuh BK, Tran QH (2021a) Shake table testing for the seismic response of a container crane with uplift and derailment. Applied Ocean Research 114:102811, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2021.102811
Nguyen VT, Seo J, Ahn J-H, Haldar A, Huh J (2021b) Finite element analysis-aided seismic behavior examination of modular underground arch bridge. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 118: 104166, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2021.104166
Piccardo G, Tubino F (2012) Equivalent spectral model and maximum dynamic response for the serviceability analysis of footbridges. Engineering Structures 40:445–456, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.03.005
Pretlove AJ, Rainer JH (1995) Human response to vibrations. Vibration problems in structures: Practical guidelines. Springer Science & Business Media, Basel
Racic V, Pavic A, Brownjohn JMW (2009) Experimental identification and analytical modelling of human walking forces: Literature review. Journal of Sound and Vibration 326(1–2):1–49, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2009.04.020
Sétra (2006) Footbridges, assessment of vibrational behaviour of footbridges under pedestrian loading, technical guide, Service d’Etudes Techniques des Routes et Autoroutes Paris
Sextos AG, Kappos AJ (2009) Evaluation of seismic response of bridges under asynchronous excitation and comparisons with Eurocode 8-2 provisions. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 7(2):519–545, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-008-9090-5
Shamass R, Cashell KA (2017) Behaviour of composite beams made using high strength steel. Structures 12:88–101, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2017.08.005
Todisco L, Corres H, Pérez A, Addante A, Cañada J (2021) Conceptual design of spatial arch footbridges supporting curved decks. Structures 33:1207–1215, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.05.003
Van Nimmen K, Lombaert G, De Roeck G, Van den Broeck P (2014) Vibration serviceability of footbridges: Evaluation of the current codes of practice. Engineering Structures 59:448–461, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.11.006
Venuti F, Bruno L (2009) Crowd-structure interaction in lively footbridges under synchronous lateral excitation: A literature review. Physics of Life Reviews 6(3):176–206, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plrev.2009.07.001
Venuti F, Racic V, Corbetta A (2016) Modelling framework for dynamic interaction between multiple pedestrians and vertical vibrations of footbridges. Journal of Sound and Vibration 379:245–263, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2016.05.047
Venuti F, Tubino F (2021) Human-induced loading and dynamic response of footbridges in the vertical direction due to restricted pedestrian traffic. Structure and Infrastructure Engineering 17(10):1431–1445, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2021.1897630
Wu F, Wu Z (2018) Seismic behavior of steel truss arch bridge under strong earthquakes seismic performance analysis of steel braced pedestrian arch bridge under the action of serious earthquake. 2018 3rd International Conference on Smart City and Systems Engineering (ICSCSE), IEEE, Xiamen, China, 351–356
Živanović S, Pavic A, Reynolds P (2005) Vibration serviceability of footbridges under human-induced excitation: A literature review. Journal of sound and vibration 279(1–2):1–74, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2004.01.019
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program funded by Hyundai Steel Corp. Moreover, it was also a part of the project titled “Development of performance-based seismic design technologies for advancement in design codes for port structures funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (20160065), Korea.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Meisuh, B.K., Ahn, JH., Huh, J. et al. Comparative Analysis of the Dynamic Behaviors of Steel Pedestrian Bridges with Circular Tubular Girders. KSCE J Civ Eng 28, 288–301 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-023-1507-9
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-023-1507-9