Abstract
This paper has studied the performance of different triangular labyrinth side weirs. To evaluate the effectiveness of the various schemes: triangulating, adding sloped floors to the cycles, apex overhanging, and changing to an asymmetry plan were experimentally investigated. Continuous improvement has been achieved in these examinations. The average increase of the discharge coefficients relative to the rectangular side weirs was 80, 82, 87, and 96% for triangular side weirs, triangular side weirs with sloped floors, triangular side weirs with sloped floors and overhangs, and asymmetric triangular side weirs with sloped floors and overhangs, respectively. Velocity components near side weirs also confirmed higher performance for the asymmetric plan. Two new equations have been presented to estimate the discharge coefficient of the two-cycle triangular side weirs and triangular side weirs with sloped floors and overhangs. The proposed equation for the triangular side weirs was supported by the present laboratory data, as well as data from other researchers covering different apex angles of 35°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 140°. The study results can be used to design triangular side weirs for enhancing the discharge capacity where the channel bank is limited to pass the required flow rate.
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Abbreviations
- B :
-
Upstream and downstream length of triangular piano key side weir
- B i :
-
Overhang length
- B b :
-
Foundation length
- b :
-
Width of channel
- C M :
-
De Marchi discharge coefficient
- E :
-
Specific energy
- F1 :
-
Froude number at upstream end of side weir
- g :
-
Acceleration of gravity
- h :
-
Head of water over the side weir crest
- L :
-
Side weir crest length
- P :
-
Side weir height
- Q 1 :
-
Input channel discharge
- Q 2 :
-
Output channel discharge
- Q W :
-
Total discharge diverted across side weir
- R :
-
Determination coefficient
- V :
-
Mean flow velocity of side weir
- V x :
-
Longitudinal velocity component
- V z :
-
Transverse velocity component
- W :
-
Width of side weir [across channe]
- x :
-
Distance from upstream end of side weir
- y :
-
Vertical direction from bottom
- z :
-
Transverse distance from side weir
- y 1 :
-
Water depth at the beginning of side weir passing through center of main channel
- θ :
-
Apex angle of triangular side weir
- φ :
-
De Marchi function
- μ :
-
Dynamic viscosity of fluid
- σ :
-
Surface tension
- ρ :
-
Mass density of fluid
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Acknowledgments
The laboratory work for this study was carried out in the Soil Conversation and Watershed Management Research Institute affiliated with the Ministry of Agriculture, Tehran. The authors are also grateful to Dr. Nekoie and Mr. Zahedi for sharing some of their experimental data for this study.
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Yeganeh, M., Ghazizadeh, M.J., Saneie, M. et al. Comparison of Hydraulic Performance of Triangular Side Weirs with a Focus on the Overhang Type. KSCE J Civ Eng 27, 4263–4273 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-023-1475-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-023-1475-0