Abstract
Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) services for the safe and comfortable travel of people with disabilities have long waiting times and significant variations in time and space. Due to these characteristics, user dissatisfaction with DRT services continues to increase. This study aimed to identify factors that affect vehicle availability, which is closely related to waiting time, and to prepare measures to solve problems in waiting time. The data used for the analysis was composed of spatial units, so Moran’s I factor was used to test for spatial dependence. After confirming the presence of spatial dependence, spatial regression models optimized for spatial data analysis were estimated. As a result of predicting the model using five independent variables, four variables, Medical Infrastructure Concentration Index (MICI), Disabled Population Concentration Index (DPCI), Depot Size, and Demand Variability Index (DVI), were found to be statistically significant at a 95% confidence level, except for congestion level. The analytical results indicate that the frequency of vehicle operation is low in areas with a low population of the disabled, little medical infrastructure related to the disabled, and irregular DRT demand, which may affect increasing user waiting time. Therefore, supply-oriented policies to increase the number of available vehicles, such as adding more depots or deploying more vehicles, will contribute significantly to reducing user waiting time in these areas.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anselin L (1995) Local indicator of spatial association-LISA. Geographical Analysis 27(2):93–115
Choi M, Byeon S (2016) Comparison on forecasting performance of housing price prediction models in Seoul. Seoul Studies 17(3):75–89, DOI: https://doi.org/10.23129/seouls.17.3.201609.75
Chun H (2016) The study of comparison of housing price models by using spatial econometrics and GIS. Korea Real Estate Academy Review 64:46–56
Coutinho M, van Oort N, Christoforou Z, Alonso González MJ, Cats O, Hoogendoorn SP (2020) Impacts of replacing a fixed public transport line by a demand responsive transport system: Case study of a rural area in Amsterdam. Research in Transportation Economics 83:1–11. [100910], DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2020.100910
Dytckov S, Persson JA, Lorig F, Davidsson P (2022) Potential benefits of demand responsive transport in rural areas: A simulation study in Lolland, Denmark. Sustainability 14:3252, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063252
Hong D, Ka E, Ha S, Lee C (2018) Selection of appropriate hyperparameters for the LSTM model for predicting waiting time for call taxis for the disabled in Seoul. 78th Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference 449–454
Jung E, Sung H, Rho J (2015) Analysis of influence factors for apparel retail sales considering spatial autocorrelation. Journal of Korea Planning Association 50(5):215–231, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17208/jkpa.2015.08.50.5.215
Kemp KR (2008) Encyclopedia of geographic information science. SAGE, California
Kim Y (2021) Disabled people’s mobility rights are still ‘poor’. Segye Local Times (in Korean). http://www.segyelocalnews.com/news/newsview.php?ncode=1065576133758042
Kim S, Koack M, Choo S, Kim S (2021) Analysing spatial usage characteristics of shared e-scooter: Focused on spatial autocorrelation modeling. The Journal of the Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems 20(1):54–69, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12815/kits.2021.20.1.54
Knierim L, Schlüter JC (2021) The attitude of potentially less mobile people towards demand responsive transport in a rural area in central Germany. Journal of Transport Geography 96:103202, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103202
Lee S, Yoon S, Park J, Min S (2006) Spatial measurement model application. Pybook, Seoul
Lee J, Kim T (2019) Examining the characteristics of traffic accidents involving elderly drivers in Seoul. The Korea Spatial Planning Review 102:19–34, DOI: https://doi.org/10.15793/kspr.2019.102..002
Lee H, No S (2013) Advanced statistic analysis theory. Moon Woo Sa
LeSage JP (2008) An introduction to spatial econometrics. Revue D’onomie Industrielle 123:19–44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/rei.3887
Nam K, Oh M, Hong H (2008) A study of developing a relative - specialization index using expected frequence. The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics 21(4):581–588, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5351/KJAS.2008.21.4.58
Park S, Ko D (2021) Spatial regression modeling approach for assessing the spatial variation of air pollutants. Atmosphere 12:785, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12060785
Rhee K (2016) Traffic accident analysis using spatial econometrics: A case of Seoul. PhD Thesis, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
Rüttenauer T (2022) Spatial regression models: A systematic comparison of different model specifications using Monte Carlo experiments. Sociological Methods and Research 51(2):728–759, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124119882467
Seoul Facilities Corporation (2019) A comprehensive status report: Call taxi for the disabled (in Korean). Seoul, Korea
Son J, Kim D (2022) Investigating spatiotemporal characteristics of demand responsive transport (DRT) service for the disabled through survival analysis. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 26(7):3094–3101, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-022-0807-9
Son J, Kim D, Lee E, Choi H (2022) Investigating the spatiotemporal imbalance of accessibility to demand responsive transit (DRT) service for people with disabilities: Explanatory case study in South Korea. Journal of Advanced Transportation 2022(Article ID 6806947):1–9, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6806947
Takagi D, Shimada T (2019) A spatial regression analysis on the effect of neighborhood-level trust on cooperative behaviors: Comparison with a multilevel regression analysis. Frontiers in Psychology 10:2799, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02799
Yeom Y (2018a) Spatial regression analyses on the relationship between alcohol outlet and violent crime rates. The Journal of Police Science 18(3):109–132, DOI: https://doi.org/10.22816/polsci.2018.18.3.005
Yeom Y (2018b) Analysis on structural covariates and spatial heterogeneity of violent crimes in application of geographically weighted regression model. The Journal of Police Science 18(4):9–40, DOI: https://doi.org/10.22816/polsci.2018.18.4.001
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Basic Study and Interdisciplinary R&D Foundation Fund of the University of Seoul (2022).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, DG., Lee, C. & Choi, H. Key Factors Influencing Vehicle Availability Associated with the User Waiting Time of Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) for People with Disabilities. KSCE J Civ Eng 27, 4485–4493 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-023-0599-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-023-0599-6