Abstract
The theoretical model of twin curved shield tunnels and refined numerical model considering the characteristics of wedge-shaped segment ring joints were established in this paper. Two construction schemes of taking the inner side or outer side of the twin curved tunnels as the first tunnel were conducted for comparison. Then two main characteristics of curved tunnel construction (over-excavation and yaw excavation loadings) were taken as variables to explore their response to the approaching construction caused by unsynchronized driving of twin curved shield tunnels. The ground surface settlement troughs obtained by the analytical solution and numerical simulation are in good agreement with the monitoring result. On the condition that the curved tunnel at the inner side is taken as the first tunnel, the excavation will intensify the ground settlement and the internal forces of its segment. In the case that the overcutting gap is not of large volume, it is advisable to first excavate the curved tunnel at the outer side, and then construct the curved tunnel at the inner side. The influence of soil loss on the ground disturbance is greater than that of construction loadings. The excessive overcutting gap not only easily induces a sharp increase in the ground vertical displacement, but also may lead to the movement of soil at the inner and middle sides towards the inner side of the curved tunnels, and causes the soil at the outer side to move towards the outer side of the curved tunnels. Remarkably, excessive overcutting gap may lead to large horizontal displacements of the ground surface.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Afifipour M, Sharifzadeh M, Shahriar K, Jamshidi H (2011) Interaction of twin tunnels and shallow foundation at Zand underpass, Shiraz metro, Iran. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 26:356–363, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2010.11.006
Alsahly A, Stascheit J, Meschke G (2016) Advanced finite element modeling of excavation and advancement processes in mechanized tunneling. Advances in Engineering Software 100:198–214, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2016.07.011
Chakeri H, Ozcelik Y, Unver B (2013) Effects of important factors on surface settlement prediction for metro tunnel excavated by EPB. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 36:14–23, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2013.02.002
Chakeri H, Unver B, Ozcelik Y (2014) A novel relationship for predicting the point of inflexion value in the surface settlement curve. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 43:266–275, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2014.05.016
Dias D, Kastner R (2013) Movements caused by the excavation of tunnels using face pressurized shields — Analysis of monitoring and numerical modeling results. Engineering Geology 152(1):17–25, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2012.10.002
Do NA, Dias D, Oreste P (2014a) Three-dimensional numerical simulation of a mechanized twin tunnels in soft ground. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 42:40–51, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2014.02.001
Do NA, Dias D, Oreste P, Djeran-Maigre I (2014b) Three-dimensional numerical simulation for mechanized tunnelling in soft ground: The influence of the joint pattern. Acta Geotechnica 9(4):673–694, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-013-0279-7
GB 50446-2017 (2017) Code for construction and acceptance of shield tunneling method. GB 50446-2017, The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the PRC, Beijing, China
Hasanpour R, Rostami J, Thewes M, Schmitt J (2018) Parametric study of the impacts of various geological and machine parameters on thrust force requirements for operating a single shield TBM in squeezing ground. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 73:252–260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2017.12.027
Hasanpour R, Schmitt J, Ozcelik Y, Rostami J (2017) Examining the effect of adverse geological conditions on jamming of a single shielded TBM in Uluabat tunnel using numerical modeling. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 9(6):1112–1122, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2017.05.010
Kasper T, Meschke G (2004) A 3D finite element simulation model for TBM tunnelling in soft ground. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 28(14):1441–1460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.395
Kavvadas M, Litsas D, Vazaios I, Petros F (2017) Development of a 3D finite element model for shield EPB tunnelling. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 65:22–34, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2017.02.001
Lambrughi A, Rodríguez LM, Castellanza R (2012) Development and validation of a 3D numerical model for TBM-EPB mechanised excavations. Computers and Geotechnics 40:97–113, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2011.10.004
Li SH, Gu G, Li PF, Zhang MJ, Wang GQ (2019) Numerical simulation of mechanical properties of the segments for a curved shield tunnel during construction stage: A case study. International Conference on Geotechnical and Earthquake Engineering 2018:61–69
Li SH, Li PF, Zhang MJ (2021a) Analysis of additional stress for a curved shield tunnel. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 107:103675, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103675
Li SH, Li PF, Zhang MJ, Liu Y (2020) Influence of approaching excavation on adjacent segments for twin tunnels. Applied Sciences 10(1):98, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app10010098
Li SH, Zhang MJ, Li PF (2021b) Analytical solutions to ground settlement induced by ground loss and construction loadings during curved shield tunneling. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 22(4): 296–313, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A2000120
Li PF, Zhou XJ (2015) Mechanical behavior and shape optimization of lining structure for subsea tunnel excavated in weathered slot. China Ocean Engineering 29:875–890, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13344-015-0061-8
Liu C, Zhang Z, Regueiro RA (2014) Pile and pile group response to tunnelling using a large diameter slurry shield — Case study in Shanghai. Computers and Geotechnics 59:21–43, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2014.03.006
Migliazza M, Chiorboli M, Giani GP (2009) Comparison of analytical method, 3D finite element model with experimental subsidence measurements resulting from the extension of the Milan underground. Computers and Geotechnics 36(1–2):113–124, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2008.03.005
Mindlin RD (1936) Force at a point in the interior of a semi-infinite solid. Physics 7(5):195–202, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1745385
Mollon G, Dias D, Soubra AH (2013) Probabilistic analyses of tunneling-induced ground movements. Acta Geotechnica 8(2):181–199, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-012-0182-7
Nematollahi M, Dias D (2019) Three-dimensional numerical simulation of pile-twin tunnels interaction — Case of the Shiraz subway line. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 86:75–88, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2018.12.002
Ninic J, Freitag S, Meschke G (2017) A hybrid finite element and surrogate modelling approach for simulation and monitoring supported TBM steering. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 63:12–28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2016.12.004
Ninic J, Meschke G (2017) Simulation based evaluation of time-variant loadings acting on tunnel linings during mechanized tunnel construction. Engineering Structures 135:21–40, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.12.043
Sagaseta C (1987) Analysis of undrained soil deformation due to ground loss. Géotechnique 37:301–320, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1988.38.4.647
Sigl O, Atzl G (1999) Design of bored tunnel linings for Singapore MRT North East Line C706. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 14(4): 481–490, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0886-7798(00)00010-9
Sugimoto M, Sramoon A, Konishi S, Sato Y (2007) Simulation of shield tunneling behavior along a curved alignment in a multilayered ground. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 133:684–694, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2007)133:6(684)
Zhang MJ, Li SH, Li PF (2020) Numerical analysis of ground displacement and segmental stress and influence of yaw excavation loadings for a curved shield tunnel. Computers and Geotechnics 118:103325, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2019.103325
Zhang ZX, Liu C, Huang X, Kwok CY, Teng L (2016) Three-dimensional finite-element analysis on ground responses during twin-tunnel construction using the URUP method. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 58:133–146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2016.05.001
Zhao C, Lavasan AA, Barciaga T, Kaemper C, Mark P, Schanz T (2017) Prediction of tunnel lining forces and deformations using analytical and numerical solutions. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 64:164–176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2017.01.015
Zhao C, Lavasan AA, Barciaga T, Zarev V, Schanz T (2015) Model validation and calibration via back analysis for mechanized tunnel simulations — The Western Scheldt tunnel case. Computers and Geotechnics 69:601–614, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2015.07.003
Zheng HB, Li PF, Ma GW (2021) Stability analysis of the middle soil pillar for asymmetric parallel tunnels by using model testing and numerical simulations. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 108:103686, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103686
Zheng G, Lu P, Diao Y (2015) Advance speed-based parametric study of greenfield deformation induced by EPBM tunneling in soft ground. Computers and Geotechnics 65:220–232, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2014.12.013
Zhou S, Han L, Ye GL, Wang JH (2015) Analysis on inner force and deformation characteristics of large shallow shield tunnel cross section. China Civil Engineering Journal S2:291–294
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the support for this work from National Natural Science of Foundation of China (Grants No. 51978018 and 51978019), Research and Development Projects of Science and Technology of China Railway Construction Co., Ltd. and China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co., Ltd. (Projects No. 2020-B06 and 2020B4), which are gratefully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, S., Huang, C., Yao, T. et al. The Influence of Non-synchronous Excavation of Twin Curved Shield Tunnels. KSCE J Civ Eng 26, 2456–2467 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-022-0949-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-022-0949-9