Abstract
This study investigated the high velocity impact phenomena of a projectile on double layered geomaterial consisting of soil and rock. Experiments were conducted to analyze the penetration depth of the projectile and the geomaterial behavior; the projectile perforated the 950 mm thick soil and penetrated 53 mm of the rock. The 3D scans were performed on the surfaces of the soil and the rock after impact. In the case of soil, radial cracks, a crater, and a tunnel were observed on the impact surface; the average crater diameters on the impact and exit surfaces were 193.06 and 270.75 mm, respectively. In the case of rock, an elliptical crater was formed with the major and minor radii of 259 and 148 mm, while radial cracks were not observed. A finite element analysis was performed to predict the projectile behavior, which showed a good agreement with the experimental results; the analysis predicted the penetration depth by 4.7% of error compared to the experimental results. Furthermore, it was noted that the projectile loses about 38.7% of the kinetic energy while perforating the soil, then it loses about 61.3% of the kinetic energy while penetrating the rock. The findings of the present study can contribute to design strategies for projectile impacting various in-situ underground conditions including double layered structures.
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Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the financial support provided by the Agency for Defense Development (Grant No. ADD-UE161097GD). This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (Ministry of Science and ICT) (Grant No. 2021R1F1A1062111). This research was supported by the Chung-Ang University Research Grants in 2020.
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Lee, J., Choi, Y. & Bai, Y. Investigation on High Velocity Impact of Projectile on Double Layered Geomaterial. KSCE J Civ Eng 26, 2089–2096 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-022-0874-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-022-0874-y