Abstract
Quick-setting grout has time-varying characteristics, and the space porosity of the injected medium changes after being grouted. The above two points need to be considered when loose and broken coal rock masses are grouted with rapid-setting grout. In other words, the coupling effect of the slurry-coal rock mass causes the slurry to exhibit the temporal and spatial characteristics of slurry viscosity (TSCSV). Based on the Bingham fluid constitutive model, a capillary group model with a linear increase in diameter was created, and a one-dimensional penetration grout diffusion model was established considering the TSCSV. The one-dimensional visualization splitting-permeation grout diffusion simulation test system was designed to obtain the space porosity of the broken coal rock mass under different final grouting pressures to obtain the law of the changes in grouting pressure and diffusion height with time under the condition of a fixed grouting rate. Furthermore, the mechanism of splitting-permeation grouting in loose and broken coal rock masses is analysed in depth considering the TSCSV. The results showed that the space porosity of coal rock masses increases linearly. In addition, the calculated value of the slurry diffusion distance was 0.93 – 1.1 times the experimental value considering the TSCSV. The calculated value was in good agreement with the experimental value. The calculated value of the final pressure of orifice grouting was approximately 1.5 times the test value without considering the unevenness of the space porosity distribution (USPD). The grouting pressure was overestimated without considering the USPD. Therefore, the TSCSV of the quick-setting slurry should be fully considered in the grouting design.
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Abbreviations
- b :
-
The radius of the seepage channel
- h 0 :
-
The radius of the core area
- k :
-
The slope of the space porosity increasing with the slurry diffusion distance
- K f :
-
Permeability of the injected medium
- l :
-
The slurry diffusion distance
- p w :
-
The hydrostatic pressure
- q :
-
The slurry flow rate
- S :
-
The slurry diffusion cross-section area
- t :
-
The viscosity growth time of the slurry
- λ :
-
The starting pressure gradient of the slurry
- μ(t):
-
The apparent viscosity of the slurry
- \(\bar{\nu}\) :
-
The average velocity of the slurry in the seepage pipe
- τ :
-
Shear stress of the slurry
- τ 0 :
-
The yield shear force of the slurry
- φ :
-
The space porosity of the injected medium, φ= φ0 + kl
- φ 0 :
-
The porosity at the grouting hole of the injected medium
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Acknowledgments
This research was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51704280, 51574223). We would also like to acknowledge the editor and reviewers for their valuable comments, which have greatly improved this paper.
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Zhu, H., Han, L., Meng, Q. et al. The Split-Permeation Grouting Mechanism of Loose and Broken Coal Rock Masses considering the Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Slurry Viscosity. KSCE J Civ Eng 25, 1887–1900 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-021-1715-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-021-1715-0