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Understanding the Performance and Applicability of Low Impact Development Structures under Varying Infiltration Rates

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Published:
KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Aims and scope

Abstract

With the increasing effect of urbanization becoming more apparent through flooding and decline in downstream water quality especially from heavy rainfalls, stormwater runoff management solutions have focused on treatment and infiltration. However, there are areas with low infiltration soils or are experiencing more dry days and even drought. In this study, experiments were conducted to compare the applicability of high infiltration and low infiltration soils as a base layer in gravel-filled infiltration systems with emphasis on runoff capture and suspended solids removal. Findings showed that infiltration rates increased with the water depth above the gravel-soil interface indicating the available depth for water storage affects this parameter. Runoff capture in high infiltration systems are more affected by rainfall depth and inflow rates as compared to low infiltration systems. Based on runoff capture and pollutant removal analysis, a media depth of 0.4 − 1 m and maximum infiltration rate of 200 mm/h were recommended. Moreover, it was revealed that low infiltration systems are more susceptible to horizontal flow and that the length of the structure may be more critical than depth in this condition.

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Abbreviations

A :

catchment area, m2

a :

facility surface area, m2

C :

runoff coefficient

d m :

depth of the media, m

e :

void ratio of the media

f d :

infiltration capacity of the soil media, mm/h

Pd :

design rainfall, mm

td :

drawdown or emptying time, h

VS :

water quality storage volume, m3

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by a grant (2016000200002) from Public Welfare Technology Development Program funded by the Korean Ministry of Environment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Hanseo University, Seosan, 31962, Korea

    Heidi B. Guerra & Youngchul Kim

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  1. Heidi B. Guerra
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  2. Youngchul Kim
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Correspondence to Youngchul Kim.

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Guerra, H.B., Kim, Y. Understanding the Performance and Applicability of Low Impact Development Structures under Varying Infiltration Rates. KSCE J Civ Eng 24, 1430–1438 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-020-2274-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-020-2274-5

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