Abstract
A series of experiments and numerical analyses have been carried out to derive a model of the moisture diffusion coefficient in concrete structures. The moisture diffusion coefficient generally depends on the relative humidity and temperature as well as the age of concrete, because microstructures of concrete develop with aging, especially in the early stage of aging. Therefore, the modified model of the moisture diffusion coefficient proposed here takes these three parameters into consideration. Experiments on moisture diffusion were performed to investigate the variation of the moisture diffusion coefficient with age and temperature under three temperature conditions (20, 50, and 80°C). Based on the experimental results, a new model of the moisture diffusion coefficient considering the aging and temperature was developed by a numerical inverse analysis. As it considers porosity, humidity, and temperature, beyond the existing model for hardened concrete, the suggested diffusion coefficient model is applicable to early age concrete.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Acker, P. (1988). “Comportement mecanique du beton: Apports de l’approche physico-chimique [Mechanical behavior of concrete: A physico-chemical approach].” Tech. Rep. Res. Rep. LCPC 152, Laboratoires des Ponts et Chaussees, Paris, France (In French).
Bazant, Z. P. and Najjar, L. J. (1972). “Nonlinear water diffusion in nonsaturated concrete.” Material and Structures, Vol. 5, No. 25, pp. 3–20.
Bazant, Z. P. and Thonguthai, W. (1978).“Pore pressure and drying of concrete at high temperature.” Journal of Engineering Mechanics Division, ASCE, Vol. 104, No. EM5, pp. 1095–1079.
Boumiz, A., Vernet, C., and Cohen, T. F. (1996). “Mechanical properties of cement pastes and mortars at early age: Evolution with time and degree of hydration.” Advanced Cement Based Material, Vol. 3, Nos. 3–4, pp. 94–106.
Byfors (1980). Plain concrete at early ages, Swedish Cement and Concrete Institute, Fo 3:80, Stockholm.
Comite Euro-International du Beton (1993). CEB-FIP model code 1990.
Hansen, P. F. and Pedersen, E. J. (1977). “Maturity computer for controlled curing and hardening of concrete.” Nordisk Betong, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 21–25.
Kim, J. K. and Lee, C. S. (1999). “Moisture diffusion of concrete self dessication at early ages.” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 29, No. 12, pp. 1921–1927.
Kwon, S. H. and Shah, S. P. (2008). “Prediction of early-age cracking of fiber-reinforced concrete due to restrained shrinkage.” ACI Materials Journal, Vol. 105, No. 4, pp. 381–389.
Lowe, I. R. G., Hughes, B. P., and Walker, J. (1971). “The diffusion of water in concrete at 30°C.” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 1, No. 5, pp. 547–551.
Matano, J. (1932). “On the relation between the diffusion-coefficients and concentrations of solid metals.” Japanese Journal of Physics, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 109–113.
Mindess, S., Young, J., and Lawrence, F. J. 1978. “Creep and drying shrinkage of calcium silicate pastes. I: Specimen preparation and mechanical properties.” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 8, No.5, pp. 591–600.
Naik, T. R. (1985). Maturity functions of concrete cured during winter conditions, Temperature Effects on Concrete, ASTM STP 858.
Pickett, G. (1946). “Shrinkage stresses in concrete.” Journal of ACI, Proc., Vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 165–204 & 361–398.
Rastrup, E. (1954). “Heat of hydration in concrete.” Magazine of Concrete Research, Vol. 6, No. 17, pp. 127–140.
Sakata, K. and Kuramoto, O. (1983). “A study on moisture diffusion in drying shrinkage of concrete.” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 216–224.
Saul, A. G. A. (1951). “Principles underlying the steam curing of concrete at atmospheric pressure.” Magazine of Concrete Research, Vol. 2, No. 6, pp. 127–140.
Yuan, Y. and Wan, Z. L. (2002). “Prediction of cracking within earlyage concrete due to thermal, drying and creep behavior.” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 32, No. 7, pp. 1053–1059.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kang, ST., Kim, JS., Lee, Y. et al. Moisture diffusivity of early age concrete considering temperature and porosity. KSCE J Civ Eng 16, 179–188 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-012-1445-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-012-1445-4