Abstract
South Korea is seeking a solution to the problems of traffic congestion and environmental issues by increasing bicycle use. However, many people feel that using bicycles is inconvenient. Therefore, a bicycle level of service model from the user’s perspective was developed so that the existing bicycle roads can be evaluated and improved. The purpose of this paper is to develop a bicycle Level of Service (LOS) model by considering the user’s level of satisfaction and multiple factors that affect the bicycle LOS. Bicycle LOS criteria are estimated by applying an ordered probit model, which is suitable for research relating to choice. The results with the marginal effect show that the bicycle LOS is largely determined by the width of the road on which the bicycle is ridden. Other factors are also statistically significant in the bicycle LOS, including the road type, the total number of lanes on the approach to the intersection, and the number of encounters (travelers and bicyclists moving in the opposite direction).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Florida Department of Transportation (2002). 2002 quality/level of service handbook, Office of the State Transportation Planner, Systems Panning Office, Tallahassee, FL.
Harkey, D. L., Reinfurt, D. W., and Knuiman, M. (1998). “Development of the bicycle compatibility index.” Transportation Research Record, No. 1636, pp. 13–20.
Highway Capacity Manual (2000). Highway capacity manual, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
Jensen, S. (2007). “Pedestrian and bicycle levels of service on roadway segments.” Transportation Research Record, No. 2031, pp. 43–51.
Jones, E. G. and Carlson, T. D. (2003). “Development of a bicycle compatibility index for rural roads in Nebraska.” Transportation Research Record, No. 1828, pp. 124–132.
Kang, K. W. and Baek, B. S. (1998). “Ordered probit model of speed selection behavior.” Journal of the Korean Society of Transportation, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 93–100.
Korean Highway Capacity Manual (2001). Korean Highway capacity manual, Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, Korea.
Landis, B. W., Vattikuti, V., and Brannick, M. (1997). “Real-time human perceptions: Toward a bicyclist level of service.” Transportation Research Record, No. 1578, pp. 119–126.
Landis, B. W., Vattikuti, V., Ottenberg, R., Petritsch, T., Guttenplan, M., and Crider, L. (2003). “Intersection LOS for the bicycle through movement.” Transportation Research Record, No. 1828, pp. 101–106.
Liao, T. F. (1994). “Interpreting probability models: Logit, probit, and other generalized linear models.” Sage University Paper series on Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences, Series No. 07-101. p. 48.
Petritsch, T. A., Landis, B. W., Huang, H., and McLeod, P. (2005). “Bicycle level of service for arterials.” Transportation Research Record, No. 1939, pp. 58–68.
Petritsch, T. A., Landis, B. W., Huang, H., McLeod, P., Challa, S., and Guttenplan, M. (2005). “Level-of-service model for pedestrians at signalized intersections.” Transportation Research Record, No. 1939, pp. 55–62.
Richard, G. D., David, R., and Aimee, F. (2008). Multimodal level of service analysis for urban streets, NCHRP 03-70, Report 616, Transportation Research Board, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, National Research Council (U.S.)
Rouphail, N., Hummer, J., Milazzo, J., and Allen, P. (1999). Recommanded procedures for the “bicycle” chapter of the highway capacity manual, Report FHWA-RD-98-107, FHWA, U.S. Department of Transportation.
Vani, K. B. (2002). Logit and Probit: Ordered and Multinomial Models, Sage Publications (CA), Inc., U.K.
Won, J. M., Sung, N. M., Oh, J. T., and Ha, O. K. (2005). “The study on the accident injury severity using ordered probit model.” Journal of the Korean Society of Transportation, Vol. 23, No. 24, pp. 47–55.
Zolnik, E., and Cromley, E. (2007). “A poisson-multilevel bicycle levelof-service methodology for road networks.” Transportation Research Record, No. 2031, pp. 1–8.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kang, K., Lee, K. Development of a bicycle level of service model from the user’s perspective. KSCE J Civ Eng 16, 1032–1039 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-012-1146-z
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-012-1146-z