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In-Plane Elastic Properties of Stitched Plain Weave Composite Laminate

缝合平纹编织复合材料层合板的面内弹性属性

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Abstract

A representative volume element method and a novel mesomechanical-based polyline model are proposed to describe the misalignment of in-plane fibers induced by the insertion of stitch thread. A multi-scale mathematical model of in-plane elastic parameters for stitched composite laminate is established with ply-angle and stitch parameters as well as material parameters taken into account. Based on the fabrication of specimens and the verification of experimental platform, the superposition influences of stitch on structural anisotropy are revealed by the developed theoretical model. Results indicate that the stitch orientation can increase the structural anisotropy. The decreases of stitch pitch and spacing as well as the increase of thread diameter obviously reduce the elastic and shear moduli of laminates. Furthermore, the elastic and shear moduli as well as Poisson’s ratios show sinusoidal changes with a period of 90° as the ply-angle increases. The theoretical model not only analyzes the in-plane mechanical properties of stitched laminate with ply-angle, but also lays a foundation for the dynamic studies of stitched sandwich structures with ribs in the future.

摘要

提出了使用代表体积单元法和一种基于细观力学的折线模型来描述因插入缝线而导致的面内纤维偏转。考虑了铺层角度、缝合参数及材料参数，建立了缝合复合材料层合板面内等效弹性参数的多尺度数学模型。基于试件制备和试验验证，开发的理论模型揭示了缝合对结构各向异性的叠加效应。结果表明，缝合方向可以提高结构的各向异性。减小缝合针距与行距以及增大缝线直径，可以减小层合板的弹性模量和剪切模量。随着铺层角度的增大，弹性模量、剪切模量和泊松比均呈现出周期为90°的正弦变化。建立的理论模型不仅分析了带有铺层角度的缝合层合板的面内力学属性，还为以后加筋缝合夹芯结构的动力学研究奠定基础。

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Abbreviations

a :

Length of distortion region of warp fibers for y-stitch direction, mm

b :

Length of distortion region of warp fibers for x-stitch direction, mm

D :

Diameter of stitch thread, mm

E :

Row vector of elastic parameters

E 1, E 2 :

Elastic moduli of plain weave lamina in 1- and 2-principle directions, respectively, GPa

\({E_{{1_j}}},{E_{{2_j}}}\) :

Elastic moduli of unidirectional lamina in 1- and 2- principle directions, respectively, GPa

\({E_{{x_j}}},{E_{{y_j}}}\) :

Elastic moduli of unidirectional lamina in x- and y-directions, respectively, GPa

\({E_{{2_{\rm{s}}}}}\) :

Transverse elastic modulus of stitch thread, GPa

G 12 :

Shear modulus of plain weave lamina in the 1–2 principle plane of material, GPa

\({G_{{1_j}{2_j}}}\) :

Shear modulus of unidirectional lamina in the 1–2 principle plane of material, GPa

\({G_{{x_j}{y_j}}}\) :

Shear modulus of unidirectional lamina in the x − y plane, GPa

\({G_{{2_{\rm{s}}}{3_{\rm{s}}}}}\) :

Shear modulus in the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of stitch thread, GPa

h :

Thickness of laminate, mm

h (r) :

Thickness of the rth layer, mm

k :

Corrugation influence coefficient

L :

Stitch spacing, mm

n 1,n 2 :

Contents of the warp and weft fibers in plain weave lamina per unit width, respectively N— Stitch pitch, mm

p :

the number of layers

S :

Flexibility matrix

V :

Column vector of volume fractions of six regions

V :

Volume fraction

α :

Ply-angle

γ :

Shear strain

ε :

Normal strain

ξ :

Coefficient

θ :

Angle between the principle axis of material and the global coordinate axis

µ :

Coefficient

ν 21,ν 12 :

Major and minor Poisson’s ratios of plain weave lamina in principle coordinate system of material, respectively

ν 1,ν 2 :

Major and minor Poisson ratios of unidirectional lamina in principle coordinate system, respectively

\({\nu _{{y_j}{x_j}}},{\nu _{{x_j}{y_j}}}\) :

Major and minor Poisson’s ratios of unidirectional lamina in global coordinate system, respectively

\({\nu _{{2_{\rm{s}}}{3_{\rm{s}}}}}\) :

Poisson’s ratio in the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of stitch thread

σ :

Normal stress, GPa

τ :

Shear stress, GPa

m-warp:

Micro-strip of warp fiber

m-weft:

Micro-strip of weft fiber

r :

The rth layer

(1):

Undistorted region

(2):

Distorted region of warp fibers

(3):

Distorted region of weft fibers

(4):

Resin-rich pocket

(5):

Stitch thread region

(6):

Distorted region of both warp and weft fibers

f:

Fiber

ip:

In-plane

j :

Unidirectional lamina made by warp (j = 1) or weft (j = 2) fibers

m:

Matrix

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, 266520, China

    Lihua Yuan  (袁丽华), Sen Liang  (梁森) & Shengyu Yan  (闫盛宇)

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  1. Lihua Yuan  (袁丽华)
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  2. Sen Liang  (梁森)
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  3. Shengyu Yan  (闫盛宇)
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sen Liang  (梁森).

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the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52075280), and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. ZR2019MEE088)

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Yuan, L., Liang, S. & Yan, S. In-Plane Elastic Properties of Stitched Plain Weave Composite Laminate. J. Shanghai Jiaotong Univ. (Sci.) 28, 220–232 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12204-021-2375-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12204-021-2375-4

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