Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Improved pilot data aided feed forward based on maximum likelihood for carrier phase jitter recovery in coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Frontiers of Optoelectronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Pilot data aided feed forward (PAFF) carrier recovery is essential for phase noise tracking in coherent optical receivers. This paper describes a new PAFF system based on new pilot arrangement and maximum likelihood (ML) to estimate the phase jitter in coherent receiver-induced by local oscillator’s lasers and sampling clock errors. Square M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) (4, 16, 64, and 256) schemes were used. A detailed mathematical description of the method was presented. The system performance was evaluated through numerical simulations and compared to those with noise-free receiver (ideal receiver) and feed forward without ML. The simulation results show that PAFF performs near the expected ideal phase recovery. Results clearly suggest that ML significantly improves the tolerance of phase error variance. From bit error rate (BER) sensibility evaluation, it was clearly observed that the new estimation method performs better with a 4-QAM (or quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK)) format compared to three others square QAM schemes. Analog to digital converter (ADC) resolution effect on the system performance was analyzed in terms of Q-factor. Finite resolution effect on 4-QAM is negligible while it negatively affects the system performance when M increases.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Sun H, Wu K T, Roberts K. Real-time measurements of a 40 Gb/s coherent system. Optics Express, 2008, 16(2): 873–879

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Roberts K, O’Sullivan M, Wu K T, Sun H, Awadalla A, Krause D J, Laperle C. Performance of dual-polarization QPSK for optical transport systems. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2009, 27(16): 3546–3559

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Shieh W, Djordjevic I. OFDM for optical communications. Access Online via Elsevier

  4. Winzer P J. Beyong 100 G ethernet. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2010, 48(7): 26–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Agrawal G P. Fiber-Optic Communication Systems. 3rd ed, Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2002

    Book  Google Scholar 

  6. Zhang X, Pang X, Deng L, Zibar D, Monroy I T, Younce R. High phase noise tolerant pilot-tone-aided DP-QPSK optical communication systems. Optics Express, 2012, 20(18): 19990–19995

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Temga J, Zhang M M, Liu D M. Influence of sampling jitter effects on the performance of OFDM in optical network. In: Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Internet Technology and Application, 2012

    Google Scholar 

  8. Sliskovic M. Sampling frequency offset estimation and correction in OFDM systems. In: Proceedings of 8th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, 2001, 437–440

    Google Scholar 

  9. Sliskovic M. Carrier and sampling frequency offset estimation and correction in multicarrier systems. In: Proceedings of IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2001, 285–289

    Google Scholar 

  10. Jansen S L, Morita I, Schenk T C W, Takeda N, Tanaka H. Coherent optical 25.8-Gb/s OFDM transmission over 4160-km SSMF. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2008, 26(1): 6–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Giddings R, Tang J. World-first experimental demonstration of synchronous clock recovery in an 11.25 Gb/s real-time end-to-end optical OFDM system using directly modulated DFBs. In: Proceedings of Optical Fiber Communication Conference, 2011

    Google Scholar 

  12. Giddings R P, Tang J M. Experimental demonstration and optimisation of a synchronous clock recovery technique for realtime end-to-end optical OFDM transmission at 11.25 Gb/s over 25 km SSMF. Optics Express, 2011, 19(3): 2831–2845

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Shieh W, Yi X, Tang Y. Transmission experiment of multi-gigabit coherent optical OFDM systems over 1000 km SSMF fibre. Electronics Letters, 2007, 43(3): 183–185

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Pfau T, Peveling R, Hauden J, Grossard N, Porte H, Achiam Y, Hoffmann S, Ibrahim S, Adamczyk O, Bhandare S, Sandel D, Porrmann M, Noé R. Coherent digital polarization diversity receiver for real-time polarization-multiplexed QPSK transmission at 2.8 Gbit/s. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2007, 19(24): 1988–1990

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Tang Y, Shieh W, Yi X, Evans R. Optimum design for RF-to-optical up-converter in coherent optical OFDM Systems. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2007, 19(7): 483–485

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Temga J, Zhang M M, Liu D M, He W L. Performance analysis of coherent optical OFDM with weiner phase noise jitters. In: Proceedings of Information Optoelectronics, Nanofabrication and Testing, 2012

    Google Scholar 

  17. Ip E, Lau A P T, Barros D J F, Kahn J M. Coherent detection in optical fiber systems. Optics Express, 2008, 16(2): 753–791

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Oppenheim A V, Shalfer R W, Buck J R. Discrete-Time Signal Processing. 2nd ed. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1999

    Google Scholar 

  19. Lu G W, Sköld M, Johannisson P, Zhao J, Sjödin M, Sunnerud H, Westlund M, Ellis A, Andrekson P A. 40-Gbaud 16-QAM transmitter using tandem IQ modulators with binary driving electronic signals. Optics Express, 2010, 18(22): 23062–23069

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Pfau T, Hoffmann S, Noe R. Hardware-efficient coherent digital receiver concept with feedforward carrier recovery for M-QAM constellations. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2009, 27(8): 989–999

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Jean Temga, Deming Liu & Minming Zhang

Authors
  1. Jean Temga
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Deming Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Minming Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jean Temga.

Additional information

Jean Temga received the Bachelor of Science (with honors) in Physics from the University of Ngaoundere, Adamawa, Cameroon, in 2006 and the Master of Engineering in Communication and Information Systems from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, in 2009, where he is currently working toward the Ph.D degree in Optoelectronic Information Engineering in the School of Optics and Electronic Information. His research interests include optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), optical communication systems, and optical signal processing in coherent receivers.

Deming Liu received the M.S. degree from University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Ph.D degree from Huazhong University of Science and Technology in 1984 and 1999, respectively. He conducted research into the broadband access network at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore as a visiting researcher from 1999 to 2000. He is now a professor and serving as a Director of the National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System.

Minming Zhang received the B.S., M.S. and Ph. D degrees from Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China, in 1998, 2001 and 2009, respectively. In 2001, he became a faculty member with the School of Optics and Electronic Information of HUST, where he is currently an associate professor. His current research interests include photonic integrated technology for multi-wavelength laser emission, broadband wireless-over-fiber access systems and nonlinear photonic integrated devices.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Temga, J., Liu, D. & Zhang, M. Improved pilot data aided feed forward based on maximum likelihood for carrier phase jitter recovery in coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. Front. Optoelectron. 7, 493–500 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-014-0360-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-014-0360-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation