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Transient Growth Factor Stimulation Improves Chondrogenesis in Static Culture and Under Dynamic Conditions in a Novel Shear and Perfusion Bioreactor

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Abstract

Tissue engineering emerges as a viable method to replace cartilage damaged by osteoarthritis or trauma. A key element for cartilage tissue engineering is to elucidate growth factor exposure regimes that enhance cartilage production from multipotent progenitor cells. To address this, we identify growth factor conditions that promote chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells cultured under static conditions. We identified transient exposure to bone morphogenic protein-2 in the presence of transforming growth factor beta-1 as a viable condition that promotes expression of chondrogenic phenotype for human mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto polycaprolactone scaffolds. We then use this growth factor regime as a proof of concept to test a new shear and perfusion bioreactor. This novel bioreactor design applies shear stress stimulation on the surface of constructs while allowing tissue perfusion. Constructs harvested from the bioreactor after 8 days showed cartilage development primarily near the construct surface exposed to shear stress. By day 14, cells, collagen deposition and proteoglycan deposition is observed throughout the scaffold, indicative of cartilage development.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the financial support from the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Center for Metabolic Bone Disease–Histomorphometry and Molecular Analysis Core Laboratory for the histology and immunohistochemistry studies.

Conflict of interest

Carlos A. Carmona-Moran and Timothy M. Wick declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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No human and animal studies were carried out by the authors for this article.

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  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 115G Hoehn Engineering Building, 1075 13th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-4440, USA

    Carlos A. Carmona-Moran & Timothy M. Wick

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  1. Carlos A. Carmona-Moran
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Correspondence to Timothy M. Wick.

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Associate Editor Michael R. King oversaw the review of this article.

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Carmona-Moran, C.A., Wick, T.M. Transient Growth Factor Stimulation Improves Chondrogenesis in Static Culture and Under Dynamic Conditions in a Novel Shear and Perfusion Bioreactor. Cel. Mol. Bioeng. 8, 267–277 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12195-015-0387-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12195-015-0387-6

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