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Detection of Hsp60 in saliva and serum from type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic control subjects

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Cell Stress and Chaperones Aims and scope

Abstract

There is increasing evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress may be integral to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Heat shock protein (Hsp60) is a mitochondrial stress protein known to be induced under conditions of mitochondrial impairment. Although this intracellular protein is normally found in the mitochondrion, several studies have shown that this protein is also present in systemic circulation. In this study, we report the presence of elevated levels of Hsp60 in both saliva and serum of type 2 diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic controls. Hsp60 was detectable in the saliva of 10% of control and 93% of type 2 diabetic patients. Levels detected were in the range of 3–7 ng/ml in control and 3–75 ng/ml in type 2 diabetic patients. Serum Hsp60 levels in the range of 3–88 ng/ml were detected in 33% of control subjects, and levels in the range of 28–1,043 ng/ml were detected in 100% of type 2 diabetic patients. This is the first reporting of the presence of mitochondrial stress protein in salivary secretions. The serum Hsp60 levels were 16-fold higher compared to those in saliva, and there was a good positive correlation between salivary and serum Hsp60 levels (r = 0.55). While the exact mechanisms responsible for the secretion of Hsp60 into biological fluids such as saliva and blood are not yet known. The presence of this molecular marker of mitochondrial stress in saliva offers a non-invasive route to further investigate the biological functions of extracellular Hsp60 in type 2 diabetes mellitus and other conditions.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Mrs. A. Johnstone for her expert technical help during subject recruitment and saliva and blood collections at the Waikato Regional Diabetes Clinic.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 3123, Waikato Mail Centre, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand

    Jing Yuan

  2. Waikato Regional Diabetes Service, Waikato District Health Board, Clarence Street, Hamilton, New Zealand

    Peter Dunn

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science & Engineering, The University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand

    Ryan Dennis Martinus

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  1. Jing Yuan
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  2. Peter Dunn
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  3. Ryan Dennis Martinus
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Correspondence to Ryan Dennis Martinus.

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Yuan, J., Dunn, P. & Martinus, R.D. Detection of Hsp60 in saliva and serum from type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic control subjects. Cell Stress and Chaperones 16, 689–693 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12192-011-0281-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12192-011-0281-7

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