Abstract
Mucosal wound healing in adults has been reported to feature diminished scar formation compared to healing skin wounds. We sought to determine if the expression pattern of chaperonin containing T-complex polypeptide (CCT) subunits in mucosal wounds and fibroblasts is different from that observed in skin wounds and fibroblasts. We found that CCT-beta is the only subunit message to be reduced in wounded mucosa versus unwounded control, and this reduction was confirmed at the protein level. In contrast, mRNA levels of CCT-zeta, -delta, -eta, and -epsilon were significantly increased in mucosal wounds. The increase in CCT-eta was also confirmed at the protein level. Expression levels of CCT-alpha, -beta, -delta; -epsilon, and -theta mRNAs were significantly increased in adult mucosal fibroblasts in culture compared to skin-derived fibroblasts. Western blot analyses confirmed a modest increase in CCT-beta in adult mucosal fibroblasts relative to skin fibroblasts, but CCT-eta protein was unaffected. These differences may contribute to the reported difference in healing outcomes between these two tissue types.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Ashcroft GS, Lei K, Jin W, Longenecker G, Kulkarni AB, Greenwell-Wild T, Hale-Donze H, McGrady G, Song XY, Wahl SM (2000) Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor mediates non-redundant functions necessary for normal wound healing. Nat Med 6:1147–1153
Bodner L, Dayan D, Oberman M, Hirshberg A, Tal H (1992) Healing of experimental wounds in sialadenectomized rat. J Clin Periodontol 19:345–347
Darden DL, Hu FZ, Ehrlich MD, Gorry MC, Dressman D, Li HS, Whitcomb DC, Hebda PA, Dohar JE, Ehrlich GD (2000) RNA differential display of scarless wound healing in fetal rabbit indicates downregulation of a CCT chaperonin subunit and upregulation of a glycophorin-like gene transcript. J Pediatr Surg 35:406–419
Fenton WA, Horwich AL (2003) Chaperonin-mediated protein folding: Fate of substrate polypeptide. Q Rev Biophys 36:229–256
Ferguson MW, O'Kane S (2004) Scar-free healing: from embryonic mechanisms to adult therapeutic intervention. Biol Sci 359:839–850
Häkkinen L, Uitto VJ, Larjava H (2000) Cell biology of gingival wound healing. Periodontol 2000 24:127–152
Hanafy KA, Martin E, Murad F (2004) CCTeta, a novel soluble guanylyl cyclase-interacting protein. J Biol Chem 279:46946–46953
Hartl FU, Hayer-Hartl M (2002) Molecular chaperones in the cytosol: From nascent chain to folded protein. Science 295:1852–1858
Honardoust D, Eslami A, Larjava H, Häkkinen L (2008) Localization of small leucine-rich proteoglycans and transforming growth factor-beta in human oral mucosal wound healing. Wound Repair Regen 16:814–823
Hutson JM, Niall M, Evans D, Fowler R (1979) Effect of salivary glands on wound contraction in mice. Nature 279:793–795
Kathju S, Satish L, Rabik C, Rupert T, Oswald D, Johnson S, Hu FZ, Post JC (2006) Identification of differentially expressed genes in scarless wound healing utilizing polymerase chain reaction-suppression subtractive hybridization. Wound Repair Regen 14:413–420
Koulikovska M, Podskochy A, Fagerholm P (2005) The expression pattern of the subunit of chaperonin containing T-complex polypeptide 1 and its substrate, alpha-smooth muscle actin, during corneal wound healing. Acta Opthalmol Scand 83:543–548
Kubota H, Hynes G, Willison K (1995) The chaperonin containing t-complex polypeptide 1 (TCP-1) Multisubunit machinery assisting in protein folding and assembly in the eukaryotic cytosol. Eur J Biochem 230:3–16
Lee HG, Eun HC (1999) Differences between fibroblasts cultured from oral mucosa and normal skin: implication to wound healing. J Dermatol Sci 21:176–182
Llorca O, McCormack EA, Hynes G, Grantham J, Cordell J, Carrascosa JL, Willison KR, Fernandez JJ, Valpuesta JM (1999) Eukaryotic type II chaperonin CCT interacts with actin through specific subunits. Nature 402:693–696
Llorca O, Martín-Benito J, Ritco-Vonsovici M, Grantham J, Hynes GM, Willison KR, Carrascosa JL, Valpuesta JM (2000) Eukaryotic chaperonin CCT stabilizes actin and tubulin folding intermediates in open quasi-native conformations. EMBO J 19:5971–5979
Satish L, Abdulally A, Oswald D, Johnson S, Hu FZ, Post JC, Ehrlich GD, Kathju S (2008) Differential expression of chaperonin containing T-complex polypeptide (CCT) subunits during fetal and adult skin wound healing. Cell Stress Chaperones 13:527–533
Satish L, Johnson S, Wang JH, Post JC, Ehrlich GD, Kathju S (2010a) Chaperonin containing T-complex polypeptide subunit eta (CCT-eta) is a specific regulator of fibroblast motility and contractility. PLoS One 5:e10063
Satish L, Johnson S, Abdulally A, Post JC, Ehrlich GD, Kathju S (2010b) Cloning and expression of rabbit CCT subunits eta and beta in healing cutaneous wounds. Cell Stress Chaperones 15:819–826
Sciubba JJ, Waterhouse JP, Meyer J (1978) A fine structural comparison of the healing of incisional wounds of mucosa and skin. J Oral Pathol 7:214–227
Sevilla García MA, Suárez Fente V, Rodrigo Tapia JP, Llorente Pendás JL (2006) Montogomery salivary bypass tube: a simple solution for pharyngocutaneous fistulas. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 57:467–470
Shannon DB, McKeown ST, Lundy FT, Irwin CR (2006) Phenotypic differences between oral and skin fibroblasts in wound contraction and growth factor expression. Wound Repair Regen 14:172–178
Stephens P, Davies KJ, Al-Khateeb T, Shepherd JP, Thomas DW (1996) A comparison of the ability of intra-oral and extra-oral fibroblasts to stimulate extracellular matrix reorganization in a model of wound contraction. J Dent Res 75:1358–1364
Szpaderska AM, Zuckerman JD, DiPietro LA (2003) Differential injury responses in oral mucosal and cutaneous wounds. J Dent Res 82:621–626
Walsh LJ, L'Estrange PR, Seymour GJ (1996) High magnification in situ viewing of wound healing in oral mucosa. Aust Dent J 41:75–79
Willison KR, Kubota H (1994) The structure, function, and genetics of the chaperonin containing TCP-1 (CCT) in eukaryotic cytosol. In: Morimoto RI, Tissieres A, Georgopoulos C (eds) The biology of heat shock proteins and molecular chaperones. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, pp 299–312
Wu-Baer F, Lane WS, Gaynor RB (1996) Identification of a group of cellular cofactors that stimulate the binding of RNA polymerase II and TRP-185 to human immunodeficiency virus 1 TAR RNA. J Biol Chem 271:4201–4208
Zelles T, Purushotham KR, Macauley SP, Oxford GE, Humphreys-Beher MG (1995) Saliva and growth factors: the fountain of youth resides in us all. J Dent Res 74:1826–1832
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by the Allegheny-Singer Research Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, and Pittsburgh Tissue Engineering Institute (PTEI). This work was funded from grants awarded to S.K. (DE014780; Triological Society Career Development Award), and L.S. (3M Fellowship).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Satish, L., Lo, N., Gallo, P.H. et al. Chaperonin containing T-complex polypeptide (CCT) subunit expression in oral mucosal wounds and fibroblasts. Cell Stress and Chaperones 16, 675–680 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12192-011-0274-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12192-011-0274-6