Abstract
Hyperthermia is a unique treatment option for cancers. Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable and innovative therapeutic options are needed. We investigated the efficacy of hyperthermia and carfilzomib in combination against MM cells. Although MM cell lines exhibited different susceptibilities to pulsatile carfilzomib treatment, mild hyperthermia at 43℃ induced MM cell death in all cell lines in a time-dependent manner. Hyperthermia and carfilzomib cooperatively induced MM cell death even under suboptimal conditions. The pro-survival mediators PIM2 and NRF2 accumulated in MM cells due to inhibition of their proteasomal degradation by carfilzomib; however, hyperthermia acutely suppressed translation in parallel with phosphorylation of eIF2α to reduce these proteins in MM cells. Recovery of β5 subunit enzymatic activity from its immediate inhibition by carfilzomib was observed at 24 h in carfilzomib-insusceptible KMS-11, OPM-2, and RPMI8226 cells, but not in carfilzomib-sensitive MM.1S cells. However, heat treatment suppressed the recovery of β5 subunit activity in these carfilzomib-insusceptible cells. Therefore, hyperthermia re-sensitized MM cells to carfilzomib. Our results support the treatment of MM with hyperthermia in combination with carfilzomib. Further research is warranted on hyperthermia for drug-resistant extramedullary plasmacytoma.
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T.M., H.M., and M.A. designed the study and wrote the manuscript. All authors were involved in the analyses and interpretation of data. All authors approved the submission of the manuscript.
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M.A. received research funding from Chugai Pharmaceutical, Sanofi K.K., Pfizer Seiyaku K.K., Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Janssen Pharma K.K., Takeda Pharmaceutical, Teijin Pharma, and Ono Pharmaceutical, and honoraria from Daiichi Sankyo Company. The other authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Maruhashi, T., Miki, H., Sogabe, K. et al. Acute suppression of translation by hyperthermia enhances anti-myeloma activity of carfilzomib. Int J Hematol 119, 291–302 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-023-03706-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-023-03706-8