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Characteristics and clinical outcome of high-risk multiple myeloma patients in Korea (KMM 1805)

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Abstract

Optimal treatments for multiple myeloma (MM) patients with high-risk cytogenetics must be determined, but subgroup features are not well-defined. We used real-world data from the Korean Myeloma Registry (KMR) to analyze the characteristics and clinical outcomes of newly diagnosed MM patients with ≥ 1 high-risk cytogenetic abnormality: Group 1: t(4;14) or t(14;16); Group 2: del(17p); Group 3: t(4;14)/del(17p) or t(14;16)/del(17p). Overall, 347 high-risk patients were identified (males, 48.7%; median age, 63 years). Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 19.0 months (95% CI 17.0–20.0) and 50.0 months (95% CI 37.0–61.0), respectively. PFS (p = 0.047) and OS (p = 0.020) differed significantly between groups. After stratification by transplant eligibility, PFS and OS were significantly poorer in Group 3 among transplant-eligible patients, and even poorer in those with gain(1q). Patients stratified by cytogenetic abnormality and revised International Staging System (R-ISS) had significantly different PFS (p < 0.001) and OS (p = 0.003), with the worst survival in R-ISS III/Group 3 (median OS 21.0 months). Higher number of high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities was a negative prognostic marker for PFS and OS (p < 0.001). Real-world KMR data showed that risk factors for poor prognosis of MM patients included del(17p), R-ISS stage, and number of cytogenetic abnormalities.

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Acknowledgements

Under the direction of the authors, medical writing assistance was provided by Robert A. Furlong PhD and David P. Figgitt PhD, ISMPP CMPP™, Content Ed Net, with funding from Amgen Korea.

Funding

This study was funded by Amgen Korea.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

    Kihyun Kim

  2. Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

    Jin Seok Kim

  3. Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

    Sung-Soo Yoon

  4. Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

    Dok Hyun Yoon

  5. Department of Hematology-Oncology, Center for Hematologic Malignancy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyunggi-do, Korea

    Hyeon-Seok Eom

  6. Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanm-do, Korea

    Je-Jung Lee

  7. Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

    Hyeon Woo Yim

  8. Clinical Research Coordinating Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

    Hyeon Woo Yim & Misun Park

  9. Amgen Korea, Seoul, Korea

    Hojoon Lee

  10. Department of Hematology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

    Chang-Ki Min

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  1. Kihyun Kim
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Consortia

The Korean Multiple Myeloma Working Party (KMMWP)

Contributions

KK conceived and designed the analysis, contributed to data collection, and wrote the paper. JSK, S-SY, DHY, H-SE, J-JL and C-KM contributed to data collection and reviewing the manuscript. HWY and MP contributed to analyzing the data, writing the statistical analysis, and reviewing the manuscript. HL performed the statistical analysis and wrote the paper. Patient information was provided by various investigators at KMMWP. All authors were involved in the preparation of the manuscript and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chang-Ki Min.

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Conflict of interest

Kihyun Kim, Jin Seok Kim, Sung-Soo Yoon, Dok Hyun Yoon, Hyeon-Seok Eom, Je-Jung Lee, Hyeon Woo Yim, Misun Park and Chang-Ki Min report consultancy and research funding from Amgen Korea. Hojoon Lee reports employment by Amgen Korea.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Samsung Medical Center (IRB no. SMC2018-08-058-001), the Catholic University of Korea (IRB no. KC18RODI0556), Severance Hospital (IRB no. 4-2018-0633), Seoul National University Hospital (IRB no. H-1810-111-982), Asan Medical Center (IRB no. 2019-0788), National Cancer Center of Korea (IRB no. NCC2019-0105), and Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital (IRB no. CNUHH-2019-092).

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Kim, K., Kim, J.S., Yoon, SS. et al. Characteristics and clinical outcome of high-risk multiple myeloma patients in Korea (KMM 1805). Int J Hematol 116, 110–121 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-022-03332-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-022-03332-w

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