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Cholesterinsenkende Therapie bei älteren Patienten

Konsensuspapier der DGK und DGGG

Cholesterol-lowering treatment in elderly patients

Consensus paper of the DGK and DGGG

  • Konsensuspapiere
  • Published:
Die Kardiologie Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

LDL(low density lipoprotein)-Cholesterin-senkende Therapien stellen einen etablierten Therapiebaustein in der kardiovaskulären Prävention dar. Für jüngere Patienten existiert eine breite Evidenz, die belegt, dass eine Statintherapie die Rate an kardiovaskulären Ereignissen bei Patienten mit bekannter koronarer Herzkrankheit (KHK) signifikant reduziert. Dies gilt auch für die primärpräventive Anwendung. Für ältere Patienten ist die bestehende Evidenz geringer, der Nutzen für ältere Patienten wird nach wie vor kontrovers diskutiert. Die bestehende Datenlage stützt sich bislang auf Subgruppenanalysen von randomisierten Studien, eine randomisierte Studie, die ausschließlich Patienten > 70 Jahren eingeschlossen hat, sowie Metaanalysen. Diese belegen jedoch, dass gerade ältere Patienten als Hochrisikogruppe von einer cholesterinsenkenden Therapie mindestens in gleichem Maße wie jüngere Patienten profitieren. Da geriatrische Syndrome wie Gebrechlichkeit, Komorbidität und Polypharmazie das Risiko für unerwünschte Ereignisse erhöhen, muss jedoch die Balance zwischen Risiko und Nutzen für jeden individuellen Patienten sorgfältig abgewogen werden.

Abstract

LDL(low density lipoprotein)-cholesterol-lowering treatment is an established cornerstone of cardiovascular prevention. For younger patients there is broad evidence showing that statin therapy significantly lowers the rate of adverse cardiovascular events and this holds true even for primary prevention. In older patients there is less evidence supporting these therapies, therefore there is ongoing controversy about the usefulness of these therapies in this patient group. Existing evidence is based on subgroup analyses of randomized studies, one randomized study, which included exclusively older patients > 70 years and meta-analyses. Those studies show that especially older patients—as a high risk collective—benefit at least in the same way as younger patients. Geriatric syndromes like frailty, comorbidity and polypharmacy increase the risk of adverse events, therefore the balance between risk and benefit for each individual patient has to be carefully evaluated.

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Correspondence to Harald Rittger.

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Interessenkonflikt

D.M. Leistner und U. Landmesser geben an, Sprecherhonorare, Honorar für Beratertätigkeiten und/oder Forschungsunterstützung von Amgen und Sanofi erhalten zu haben. H. Rittger, R. Hardt, M. Dörr, R. Hambrecht, R. Reibis, S. Schellong, S.H. Schirmer, A. Wolf, A. Simm und U. Müller-Werdan geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Die Autoren Harald Rittger und David M. Leistner haben gemeinsam die federführende Erstautorenschaft für diesen Artikel übernommen

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Rittger, H., Leistner, D.M., Hardt, R. et al. Cholesterinsenkende Therapie bei älteren Patienten. Kardiologie 16, 456–465 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12181-022-00575-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12181-022-00575-z

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