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Dietary and Lifestyle Modification for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension

  • Hypertension (J. Sivak, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

To examine the evidence for nonpharmacologic dietary and lifestyle interventions to lower blood pressure.

Recent Findings

In addition to aerobic exercise, resistance exercise training also significantly reduces blood pressure, especially when performed using large muscle groups and among persons with hypertension. Plant-based diets such as the lacto-ovo vegetarian diet and intermittent fasting are associated with blood pressure improvement similar to or greater than the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. Nontraditional lifestyle approaches for blood pressure lowering such as meditation, sauna use, and yoga have shown promising results but need further study. Mobile health technology may be a useful tool to promote medication adherence and blood pressure lowering.

Summary

The incorporation of dietary and lifestyle interventions can significantly improve blood pressure, especially among persons with hypertension, and potentially reduce the number and/or dose of blood pressure medications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, 600 North Wolfe Street, Blalock 524A, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA

    Michael R. Goetsch, Anjali A. Wagle, Eva M. Valilis, John W. McEvoy, Roger S. Blumenthal & Seamus P. Whelton

  2. Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Alexander C. Razavi

  3. National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, National University of Ireland Galway School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland

    John W. McEvoy

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  1. Michael R. Goetsch
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  2. Anjali A. Wagle
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  3. Eva M. Valilis
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  4. Alexander C. Razavi
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  5. John W. McEvoy
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  6. Roger S. Blumenthal
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  7. Seamus P. Whelton
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Correspondence to Seamus P. Whelton.

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Goetsch, M.R., Wagle, A.A., Valilis, E.M. et al. Dietary and Lifestyle Modification for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension. Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep 15, 21 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12170-021-00683-7

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