Skip to main content
Log in

Simplifying the ECG Diagnosis of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

  • Invited Commentary
  • Published:
Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

References

  1. Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, Cifkova R, Fagard R, Germano G, Grassi G, Heagerty AM, Kjeldsen SE, Laurent S, Narkiewicz K, Ruilope L, Rynkiewicz A, Schmieder RE, Boudier HA, Zanchetti A, Vahanian A, Camm J, De Caterina R, Dean V, Dickstein K, Filippatos G, Funck-Brentano C, Hellemans I, Kristensen SD, McGregor K, Sechtem U, Silber S, Tendera M, Widimsky P, Zamorano JL, Erdine S, Kiowski W, Agabiti-Rosei E, Ambrosioni E, Lindholm LH, Viigimaa M, Adamopoulos S, Bertomeu V, Clement D, Farsang C, Gaita D, Lip G, Mallion JM, Manolis AJ, Nilsson PM, O’Brien E, Ponikowski P, Redon J, Ruschitzka F, Tamargo J, van Zwieten P, Waeber B, Williams B. 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens. 2007;25(6):1105–1187.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL, Jr., Jones DW, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Wright JT, Jr., Roccella EJ. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension. 2003;42(6):1206–1252.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Alfakih K, Reid S, Hall A, Sivananthan MU. The assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension. J Hypertens. 2006;24(7):1223–1230.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Reichek N, Devereux RB. Left ventricular hypertrophy: relationship of anatomic, echocardiographic and electrocardiographic findings. Circulation. 1981;63(6):1391–1398.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Woythaler JN, Singer SL, Kwan OL, Meltzer RS, Reubner B, Bommer W, DeMaria A. Accuracy of echocardiography versus electrocardiography in detecting left ventricular hypertrophy: comparison with postmortem mass measurements. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1983;2(2):305–311.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Kannel WB, Gordon T, Offutt D. Left ventricular hypertrophy by electrocardiogram. Prevalence, incidence, and mortality in the Framingham study. Ann Intern Med. 1969;71(1):89–105.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Fagard RH, Staessen JA, Thijs L, Celis H, Birkenhager WH, Bulpitt CJ, de Leeuw PW, Leonetti G, Sarti C, Tuomilehto J, Webster J, Yodfat Y. Prognostic significance of electrocardiographic voltages and their serial changes in elderly with systolic hypertension. Hypertension. 2004;44(4):459–464.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Verdecchia P, Porcellati C, Reboldi G, Gattobigio R, Borgioni C, Pearson TA, Ambrosio G. Left ventricular hypertrophy as an independent predictor of acute cerebrovascular events in essential hypertension. Circulation. 2001;104(17):2039–2044.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Sullivan JM, Vander Zwaag RV, el-Zeky F, Ramanathan KB, Mirvis DM. Left ventricular hypertrophy: effect on survival. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993;22(2):508–513.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Hawkins NM, Wang D, McMurray JJ, Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K, Granger CB, Yusuf S, Pocock SJ, Ostergren J, Michelson EL, Dunn FG. Prevalence and prognostic implications of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy in heart failure: evidence from the CHARM programme. Heart. 2007;93(1):59–64.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Romhilt DW, Estes EH, Jr. A point-score system for the ECG diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy. Am Heart J. 1968;75(6):752–758.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Casale PN, Devereux RB, Kligfield P, Eisenberg RR, Miller DH, Chaudhary BS, Phillips MC. Electrocardiographic detection of left ventricular hypertrophy: development and prospective validation of improved criteria. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 1985;6(3):572–580.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Noble LM, Humphrey SB, Monaghan GB. Left ventricular hypertrophy in left bundle branch block. J Electrocardiol. 1984;17(2):157–160.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Schillaci G, Verdecchia P, Borgioni C, Ciucci A, Guerrieri M, Zampi I, Battistelli M, Bartoccini C, Porcellati C. Improved electrocardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy. Am J Cardiol. 1994;74(7):714–719.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Verdecchia P, Schillaci G, Borgioni C, Ciucci A, Gattobigio R, Zampi I, Porcellati C. Prognostic value of a new electrocardiographic method for diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;31(2):383–390.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Okin PM, Jern S, Devereux RB, Kjeldsen SE, Dahlof B. Effect of obesity on electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients : the losartan intervention for endpoint (LIFE) reduction in hypertension study. Hypertension. 2000;35(1 Pt 1):13–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Verdecchia P, Angeli F, Reboldi G, Carluccio E, Benemio G, Gattobigio R, Borgioni C, Bentivoglio M, Porcellati C, Ambrosio G. Improved cardiovascular risk stratification by a simple ECG index in hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 2003;16(8):646–652.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Okin PM, Roman MJ, Devereux RB, Pickering TG, Borer JS, Kligfield P. Time-voltage QRS area of the 12-lead electrocardiogram: detection of left ventricular hypertrophy. Hypertension. 1998;31(4):937–942.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Verdecchia P, Angeli F, Cavallini C, Mazzotta G, Repaci S, Pede S, Borgioni C, Gentile G, Reboldi G. The voltage of R wave in lead aVL improves risk stratification in hypertensive patients without ECG left ventricular hypertrophy. J Hypertens. 2009;27(8):1697–1704.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Dahlof B, Devereux RB, Kjeldsen SE, Julius S, Beevers G, de Faire U, Fyhrquist F, Ibsen H, Kristiansson K, Lederballe-Pedersen O, Lindholm LH, Nieminen MS, Omvik P, Oparil S, Wedel H. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet. 2002;359(9311):995–1003.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Verdecchia P, Sleight P, Mancia G, Fagard R, Trimarco B, Schmieder RE, Kim JH, Jennings G, Jansky P, Chen JH, Liu L, Gao P, Probstfield J, Teo K, Yusuf S. Effects of telmisartan, ramipril, and their combination on left ventricular hypertrophy in individuals at high vascular risk in the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination With Ramipril Global End Point Trial and the Telmisartan Randomized Assessment Study in ACE Intolerant Subjects With Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation. 2009;120(14):1380–1389.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

Partially supported by the non-profit Fondazione Umbra Cuore e Ipertensione in Perugia, Italy.

Disclosure

The authors report no potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paolo Verdecchia.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Verdecchia, P., Angeli, F., Mazzotta, G. et al. Simplifying the ECG Diagnosis of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. Curr Cardio Risk Rep 5, 1–4 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12170-010-0147-z

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12170-010-0147-z

Keywords

Navigation