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The Method for Direct Gas Chromatographic Determination of Acetaldehyde, Methanol, and Other Volatiles Using Ethanol as a Reference Substance: Application for a Wide Range of Alcoholic Beverages

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Abstract

The article presents the results of collaborative study of the method for gas chromatographic determination of alcoholic fermentation volatile by-products (acetaldehyde, methanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propan-2-ol, propan-1-ol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol, butan-1-ol, and 3-methylbutan-1-ol) in alcoholic beverages with volume ethanol content in a range of 9.9–96.0% (wine, sake, liquor, tequila, vodka, grappa, bourbon, scotch, calvados, rakia, rum, brandy, whiskey, gin, and rectified ethyl alcohol). The zest of the method is the use of ethanol, present in beverages, as a reference substance for quantitative determination of mentioned components. Checking of precision data, obtained under repeatability conditions and under both repeatability and intermediate precision conditions, and trueness of test results, was carried out according to the ISO 5725–6. The relative difference between calibration coefficients (relative response factors for analyzed volatile compound relative to ethanol), obtained with an interval of 3 weeks, did not exceed 1.1%. Contents of acetaldehyde, methanol, and volatiles in 15 commercial alcoholic beverages analyzed by the developed method varied in the 1.84–677 mg L−1 of absolute ethanol, 3.25–12,394 mg L−1 of absolute ethanol, and 1.49–4243 mg L−1 of absolute ethanol intervals, correspondingly.

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Funding

This study was financially supported by the Belarusian State Program of Scientific Research “Convergence-2020” (Project 3.08.5 “To optimize methods for the precise determination of the qualitative and quantitative composition of a wide range of multicomponent substances for biotechnology”) and the World Federation of Scientists (the National Scholarship program).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Bobruyskaya Str., 11, 220030, Minsk, Belarus

    Siarhei Charapitsa, Svetlana Sytova, Anton Kavalenka, Lidia Sobolenko & Yauheni Shauchenka

  2. Belarusian State University, Nezavisimosti Av., 4, 220030, Minsk, Belarus

    Lidia Sobolenko, Yauheni Shauchenka, Nikolai Kostyuk, Vladimir Egorov & Sergey Leschev

  3. Belarusian State Technological University, Sverdlova Str., 13a, 220006, Minsk, Belarus

    Sergey Vetokhin & Natalia Zayats

  4. Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklaya Str.6, 117198, Moscow, Russia

    Sergey Tsimbalaev & Alexander Kolesnov

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  1. Siarhei Charapitsa
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  2. Svetlana Sytova
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  3. Anton Kavalenka
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Correspondence to Siarhei Charapitsa.

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Conflict of Interest

Siarhei Charapitsa declares that he has no conflict of interest. Svetlana Sytova declares that she has no conflict of interest. Anton Kavalenka declares that he has no conflict of interest. Lidia Sobolenko declares that she has no conflict of interest. Yauheni Shauchenka declares that he has no conflict of interest. Nikolai Kostyuk declares that he has no conflict of interest. Vladimir Egorov declares that he has no conflict of interest. Sergey Leschev declares that he has no conflict of interest. Sergey Vetokhin declares that he has no conflict of interest. Natalia Zayats declares that she has no conflict of interest. Sergey Tsimbalaev declares that he has no conflict of interest. Alexander Kolesnov declares that he has no conflict of interest.

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Charapitsa, S., Sytova, S., Kavalenka, A. et al. The Method for Direct Gas Chromatographic Determination of Acetaldehyde, Methanol, and Other Volatiles Using Ethanol as a Reference Substance: Application for a Wide Range of Alcoholic Beverages. Food Anal. Methods 14, 2088–2100 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-021-02047-8

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