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Green Choline Amino Acid Ionic Liquid Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction Coupled with HPLC for Analysis Sunset Yellow in Beverages

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Abstract

An analytical method based on amino acid ionic liquid aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) coupled with HPLC-UV detection has been developed for the determination of sunset yellow in beverages. Experimental parameters of ATPE including ionic liquids, amount of ionic liquids, pH, and temperature were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, sunset yellow within the range of 0.05–40 μg mL−1 had a good linear relationship and limit of detection was 0.021 μg mL−1. Precisions expressed as relative standard deviations (RSD) in the inter-day and intra-day analysis were all lower than ± 5%. The developed method was applied to the analysis of two commercial beverages samples, the recovery was 87.04–101.21% with the RSD of 1.8–4.6%. The proposed method is simple, sensitive, and environmentally friendly, and can be used for the determination of sunset yellow in beverages.

The ATPE of sunset yellow was carried out in a 10.0-mL polypropylene centrifuge tube. A mixture of 1.0 mL of sunset yellow standard solution (10.0 μg mL−1) and 2.0 mL buffer (pH = 8.0) was placed in the tube; 0.40 g of [Ch][Ala] was added and diluted with deionized water to a final volume of 4.0 mL; K3PO4 was added to the prepared solution until aqueous two-phase was formed; the upper ionic liquid phase was collected and analyzed by HPLC

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Funding

This work received financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21375117) and a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and Postgraduate research/practice innovation program of Jiangsu province.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People’s Republic of China

    Qi Li & Wei Liu

  2. College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People’s Republic of China

    Xiashi Zhu

Authors
  1. Qi Li
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  2. Wei Liu
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  3. Xiashi Zhu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiashi Zhu.

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Conflict of Interest

Authors have a financial relationship with the organizations that sponsored the research. And the organizations are listed as follows: Xiashi Zhu has received research grants from the National Natural Foundation of China (21375117) and a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions. Qi Li declares that he has no conflict of interest. Wei Liu declares that he has no conflict of interest.

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The research proposed in this article does not contain any studies with human or animals subjects. There are no ethical issues with human or animal subjects in our studies.

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Li, Q., Liu, W. & Zhu, X. Green Choline Amino Acid Ionic Liquid Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction Coupled with HPLC for Analysis Sunset Yellow in Beverages. Food Anal. Methods 12, 2527–2534 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-019-01603-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-019-01603-7

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