Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Simultaneous Determination of Vitamins B1 and B2 in Food Samples by Modified Cloud Point Extraction Method and HPLC-DAD

  • Published:
Food Analytical Methods Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A preconcentration and determination method was developed for vitamins B1 (thiamin) and B2 (riboflavin) at trace amounts based on cloud point extraction (CPE) and HPLC analysis. As a new approach in this method, Ag(I) ion was used to increase the transferring of vitamin molecules to micelle medium. Then, the formed complexes between Ag(I) ions and vitamins were easily extracted to nonionic surfactant phase. Following phase separation by centrifugation, aqua phase was separated and then surfactant-rich phase was diluted with 300 μL of 0.1 M HCl in 50% methanol. Under the optimized conditions, linear calibration curves were obtained in the range of 4–400 ng mL−1 for thiamin and 1–500 ng mL−1 for riboflavin. The detection limits of method were calculated as 1.33 and 0.35 ng mL−1, respectively. The relative standard deviations were 2.90 and 2.20% for five replicate measurements at 100 ng mL−1 concentration level. The method was validated by the analysis of three certified reference materials (NIST 3280, BCR-485, and ERM-BD600) and recovery test. Finally, the method was applied to the determination of vitamins B1 and B2 in real samples, including baby foods, milk, and cereals.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alarfaj N-A (2009) Adsorptive stripping anodic voltammetric determination of thioctic acid in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. Int J Biomed Sci 5(1):54–58

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drummer O-H (1999) Chromatographic screening techniques in systematic toxicological analysis. J Chromatogr B 733:27–45

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Du J, Li Y, Lu J (2002) Flow injection chemiluminescence determination of thiamine based on its enhancing effect on the luminol–hydrogen peroxide system. Talanta 57:661–665

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Filik H, Demirci S (2011) Cloud point extraction of pesticide residues. Trends Pestic Anal 11:242–279

    Google Scholar 

  • Heydari R, Elyasi N-S (2014) Ion-pair cloud-point extraction: a new method for the determination of water-soluble vitamins in plasma and urine. J Sep Sci 37:2724–2731

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • James C-A, Breda M, Baratte S, Casati M, Grassi S, Pellegatta B, Sarati S, Frigerio E (2004) Analysis of drugs and metabolites in tissues and other solid matrices. Chromatographia 59:149–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Jedlicka A, Klimes J (2005) Determination of water- and fat-soluble vitamins in different matrices using high-performance liquid chromatography. Chem Pap 59(3):202–222

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Karlsson L, Torstensson L, Taylor A-L-T (1997) The use of supercritical fluid extraction for sample preparation of pharmaceutical formulations. J Pharm Biomed Anal 15:601–611

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Madej K (2009) Microwave-assisted and cloud-point extraction in determination of drugs and other bioactive compounds. Trends Anal Chem 28(4):436–446

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Novakova L, Solich P, Solichova D (2008) HPLC methods for simultaneous determination of ascorbic and dehydroascorbic acids. Trends Anal Chem 27(10):942–958

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ojeda C-B, Rojas F-S (2009) Separation and preconcentration by a cloud point extraction procedure for determination of metals: an overview. Anal Bioanal Chem 394:759–782

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paleologos E-K, Giokas D-L, Karayannis M-I (2005) Micelle-mediated separation and cloud-point extraction. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 24(5):426–436

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Papadoyannis I-N, Tsioni G-K, Samanidou V-F (1997) Simultaneous determination of nine water and fat soluble vitamins after SPE separation and RP-HPLC analysis in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids. J Liq Chromatogr Relat Technol 20(19):3203–3231

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pragst F (2007) Application of solid-phase microextraction in analytical toxicology. Anal Bioanal Chem 388:1393–1414

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez R-S-J, Fernández-Ruiz V, Cámara M, Sánchez-Mata M-C (2012) Simultaneous determination of vitamin B1 and B2 in complex cereal foods, by reverse phase isocratic HPLC-UV. J Cereal Sci 55:293–299

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rokayya S, Li Y, Qi B, Wang S, Zhang Q, Han F, Ma Y, Jing J, Jiang L (2014) HPLC analysis of water-soluble vitamins (B2, B3, B6, B12, and C) and fat-soluble vitamins (E, K, D, A, and β-carotene) of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). J Chem 1155:1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Santos J, Mendiola J-A, Oliveir M-B-P-P, Ibánez E, Herrero M (2012) Sequential determination of fat- and water-soluble vitamins in green leafy vegetables during storage. J Chromatogr A 1261:179–188

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sirimanne S-R, Patterson D-G, Ma L, Justice J-B (1998) Application of cloud-point extraction–reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography: a preliminary study of the extraction and quantification of vitamins A and E in human serum and whole blood. J Chromatogr B 716:129–137

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tabrizi A-B (2006) A cloud point extraction-spectrofluorimetric method for determination of thiamine in urine. Bull Kor Chem Soc 27(10):1604–1608

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ulusoy H-I (2014a) Determination of trace inorganic mercury species in water samples by cloud point extraction and UV-VIS spectrophotometry. Int AOAC J 97(1):238–244

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ulusoy H-I (2014b) Determination of trace uranyl ions in aquatic medium by a useful and simple method. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 302:497–504

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ulusoy H-İ (2015) Simple and useful method for determination of inorganic selenium species in real samples based on UV-VIS spectroscopy in a micellar medium. Anal Methods 7(3):953–960

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ulusoy H-İ, Yılmaz Ö, Gürkan R (2013) A micellar improved method for trace levels selenium quantification in food samples, alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages through CPE/FAAS. Food Chem 139:1008–1014

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ulusoy S, Acıdereli H, Erdoğan S, Ulusoy H-İ (2016) A new approach to the determination of folic acid at trace levels: using a Fe(III)-folic acid complex to amplify analytical signal. RSC Adv 6(46):40115–40122

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ulusoy H-İ, Acıdereli H, Ulusoy S, Erdoğan S (2017) Development of a new methodology for determination of vitamin B9 at trace levels by ultrasonic-assisted cloud point extraction prior to HPLC. Food Anal Methods 10(3):799–808

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Viñas P, López-Erroz C, Balsalobre N, Hernández-Córdoba M-J (2001) Comparison of ion-pair and amide-based column reversed phase liquid chromatography for the separation of thiamine related compounds. J Chromatogr B 757:301–308

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vinas P, López-Erroz C, Balsalobre N, Hernández-Córdoba M-J (2003) Reversed-phase liquid chromatography on an amide stationary phase for the determination of the B group vitamins in baby foods. J Chromatogr A 1007(1–2):77–84

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zeeb M, Ganjali M-R, Norouzi P (2010) Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by spectrofluorimetry as a simple and accurate technique for determination of thiamine (vitamin B1). Microchim Acta 168:317–324

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao H, Wang L, Qiu Y, Zhou Z, Li X, Zhong W (2006) Simultaneous determination of three residual barbiturates in pork using accelerated solvent extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 840:139–145

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Turkey

    Songül Ulusoy

  2. Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Turkey

    Mehmet Akçay

Authors
  1. Songül Ulusoy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mehmet Akçay
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Songül Ulusoy.

Ethics declarations

Funding

This study has been supported by Cumhuriyet University Scientific Research Projects Commission as the research project with the F-412 code.

Conflict of Interest

Songül Ulusoy declares that she has no conflict of interest. Mehmet Akçay declares that he has no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ulusoy, S., Akçay, M. Simultaneous Determination of Vitamins B1 and B2 in Food Samples by Modified Cloud Point Extraction Method and HPLC-DAD. Food Anal. Methods 11, 260–269 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-017-0996-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-017-0996-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation