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Determination of Natamycin in Dairy Products Using Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction and Indirect Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

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Abstract

In this paper, a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method has been developed for the extraction and preconcentration of natamycin from cheese and doogh samples and its determination by indirect flame atomic absorption spectrometry. For this purpose, an appropriate mixture of a disperser solvent (ethanol) and an extraction solvent (1,1,2-trichloroethane) is rapidly injected into the samples and Zn2+ cation was added. During this process, natamycin-Zn complex is extracted into fine droplets of the extraction solvent. After centrifugation, the fine droplets of the extractant containing the complex are sedimented at the bottom of a tube with conical bottom. The sedimented phase is injected into the determination system via a home-made sample introduction system. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range was between 5 and 1000 ng mL−1. The limit of detection of the target analyte was obtained 1.8 ng mL−1. The relative recoveries obtained for the spiked cheese and doogh samples were between 86 and 98%. Moreover, the precision of the method was acceptable (<3.9%) in all spiked concentrations. Finally, the method was successfully applied to determine natamycin in cheese and doogh samples.

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Abbreviations

1,2-DBE:

1,2-Dibromoethane

DLLME:

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction

EF:

Enrichment factor

ER:

Extraction recovery

FAAS:

Flame atomic absorption spectrometry

HF-LPME:

Hollow fiber-liquid phase microextraction

HPLC-DAD:

High performance liquid chromatographic method with diode array detection

ic-ELISA:

Indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

LR:

Linear range

LOD:

Limit of detection

LC-MS/MS:

Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

LPME:

Liquid phase microextraction

NT:

Natamycin

RSD:

Relative standard deviation

SDME:

Single-drop microextraction

1,1,2,2 –TCE:

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

1,1,2-TCE:

1,1,2-Trichloroethane

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Research Office at the University of Tabriz for financial support.

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Correspondence to Saeed Mohammad Sorouraddin.

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Saeed Mohammad Sorouraddin has received research grants from University of Tabriz.

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Saeed Mohammad Sorouraddin declares that he has no conflict of interest. Mir Ali Farajzadeh declares that he has no conflict of interest. Abdollah Hassanyani declares that he has no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

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Sorouraddin, S.M., Farajzadeh, M.A. & Hassanyani, A. Determination of Natamycin in Dairy Products Using Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction and Indirect Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Food Anal. Methods 10, 2529–2538 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-017-0816-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-017-0816-3

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