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Detection and Quantification of 41 Antibiotic Residues in Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) From Aquaculture Origin, Using a Multiclass and Multi-residue UHPLC-MS/MS Method

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Abstract

Aquaculture is one of the worldwide strategic development fields, and its importance is evident in its significant worldwide growth in the last decades. This growth is associated with the implementation of intensive and semi-intensive production methods, with the use of antibiotics in order to prevent the emergence and spread of infectious diseases in fish. This practice constitutes a real public health problem, not only due to the presence of antimicrobial residues in edible tissues, which can cause allergic reactions in hypersensitive individuals, but also due to the emergence of bacterial resistance. Consequently, the Regulatory Agencies have established maximum residue limits (MRLs). In the present study, a validated multiclass multi-residue ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry in tandem methodology was used for the determination of 41 antibiotics from seven different classes—sulfonamides, trimethoprim, tetracyclines, macrolides, quinolones, penicillins and chloramphenicol—in 29 samples of gilthead sea bream of aquaculture origin, purchased in Portugal. The analysed samples showed that, in eight of them, antibiotic residues were present, three being of doxycycline—antibiotic for which no MRL is established—that was detected in concentrations ranging from 0.35 to 0.61 μg kg−1. Other antibiotics were also detected and quantified and their concentrations were below the MRL established by the European legislation.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by FEDER, through the Operational Program for Competitiveness Factors—COMPETE, and by FCT—Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology through the Project PTDC/AGRALI/122119/2010.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CEF—Center for Pharmaceutical Studies, Health Sciences Campus, Pharmacy Faculty, Coimbra University, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal

    Lúcia Santos, Bruno Soares, João Rosa, Andreia Freitas, Sara Leston, Jorge Barbosa & Fernando Ramos

  2. CFE—Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal

    João Rosa & Sara Leston

  3. INIAV-LNIV, Laboratório Nacional de Investigação Veterinária, Rua General Morais Sarmento, 1500-311, Lisboa, Portugal

    Andreia Freitas & Jorge Barbosa

  4. CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal

    Fernando Ramos

Authors
  1. Lúcia Santos
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  2. Bruno Soares
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  3. João Rosa
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  4. Andreia Freitas
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  5. Sara Leston
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  6. Jorge Barbosa
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  7. Fernando Ramos
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fernando Ramos.

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Conflict of Interest

Lúcia Santos, Bruno Soares, João Rosa, Andreia Freitas, Sara Leston, Jorge Barbosa and Fernando Ramos declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All applicable international, national, and institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

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Santos, L., Soares, B., Rosa, J. et al. Detection and Quantification of 41 Antibiotic Residues in Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) From Aquaculture Origin, Using a Multiclass and Multi-residue UHPLC-MS/MS Method. Food Anal. Methods 9, 2749–2753 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-016-0462-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-016-0462-1

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