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Regional and Vintage Discrimination of Romanian Wines Based on Elemental and Isotopic Fingerprinting

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Abstract

The feasibility of isotopic and elemental fingerprinting in the classification of wines according to their geographical origin was investigated by applying advanced techniques such as isotope ratio mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to characterize wines produced in four major vineyards in Romania from both indigenous and foreign vine varieties, during vintages 2009 and 2010. Discriminant analysis of values for C and O stable isotope ratios and minerals (ten trace elements Cr, Ni, Rb, Sr, Zn, Mn, Cu, Co, V, and Pb) allowed us to classify approximately 90.37 % of the wines and additionally, to verify the influence of the vintage year. The elements Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, V, and δ18O were identified as suitable indicators with ability to discriminate wines according to their producing region. It was shown that δ18O has the strongest relationship with the climatic conditions and location, while δ13C alone has less significance for the geographical discrimination at country level. This research highlights a successfully differentiation of wines production regions based on the variables which ultimately depend on the geographical and climatic features and presents a complete picture of the geographical variability distribution among two different harvest years and provides further evidence of the ability of multivariate statistical analysis, based on stable isotopes and trace element data, to show provenance.

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Acknowledgments

This study has been financed by the Sectoral Operational Programme Human Resources Development 2007–2013 of the Ministry of European Funds through the Financial Agreement POSDRU/159/1.5/S/134398 and with the support of the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, National Authority for Scientific Research, 19 N/2009 NUCLEU Program, under Project PN 09190206: “Support researches on the application of multi-element and multi-isotopic investigations in establishing origin markers for food traceability”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National R&D Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, 4 Uzinei St., 240050 Rm., Valcea, Romania

    Oana Romina Dinca, Roxana Elena Ionete, Diana Costinel, Irina Elisabeta Geana, Raluca Popescu & Ioan Stefanescu

  2. Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Str., 011061, Bucharest, Romania

    Oana Romina Dinca & Gabriel Lucian Radu

  3. Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Blvd., 030018, Bucharest, Romania

    Irina Elisabeta Geana

Authors
  1. Oana Romina Dinca
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  2. Roxana Elena Ionete
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  3. Diana Costinel
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  4. Irina Elisabeta Geana
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  5. Raluca Popescu
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  6. Ioan Stefanescu
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  7. Gabriel Lucian Radu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gabriel Lucian Radu.

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Funding

Sectoral Operational Programme Human Resources Development 2007–2013 of the Ministry of European Funds through the Financial Agreement POSDRU/159/1.5/S/134398 and with the support of the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, National Authority for Scientific Research, 19 N/2009 NUCLEU Program, under Project PN 09190206: “Support researches on the application of multi-element and multi-isotopic investigations in establishing origin markers for food traceability”.

Conflict of Interest

Oana Romina Dinca declares that she has no conflict of interest. Roxana Elena Ionete declares that she has no conflict of interest. Diana Costinel declares that she has no conflict of interest. Irina Elisabeta, Geana declares that she has no conflict of interest. Raluca Popescu declares that she has no conflict of interest. Ioan Stefanescu declares that he has no conflict of interest. Gabriel Lucian Radu declares that he has no conflict of interest

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Dinca, O.R., Ionete, R.E., Costinel, D. et al. Regional and Vintage Discrimination of Romanian Wines Based on Elemental and Isotopic Fingerprinting. Food Anal. Methods 9, 2406–2417 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-016-0404-y

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