Skip to main content
Log in

Development of a New Certified Reference Material of Kaempferol by Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Coulometric Titration Method, and Mass Balance Method

  • Published:
Food Analytical Methods Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Dietary flavonols have been found to possess preventive and therapeutic potential against several kinds of cancers. According to epidemiologic investigation data, kaempferol is a major component of flavonols present in various natural sources such as herbs, vegetables, and fruits. The purity of kaempferol in candidate certified reference material (CRM) was based on the agreement of results obtained by three different methods, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), coulometric titration (CT), and mass balance method. The certified value of kaempferol CRM is 99.5 % with an expanded uncertainty of 0.2 % (k = 2). The new CRM of kaempferol can be used as a valuable tool to validate measurement methods, to evaluate analytical results, and to control the quality of kaempferol-related traditional herbs, foods, dietary supplements, and pharmaceutical formulations.

Development of a New Certified Reference Material of Kaempferol

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

We’re sorry, something doesn't seem to be working properly.

Please try refreshing the page. If that doesn't work, please contact support so we can address the problem.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • An H, Wang H, Lan Y, Hashi Y, Chen S (2013) Simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic acids and flavonoids for the quality control of Apocynum venetum L. leaves by HPLC–DAD–ESI–IT–TOF–MS and HPLC–DAD. J Pharm Biomed Anal 85:295–304

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bruni G, Berbenni V, Milanese C et al (2011) Determination of the nateglinide polymorphic purity through DSC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 54:1196–1199

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Byun MR, Jeong H, Bae SJ, Kim AR, Hwang ES, Hong JH (2012) TAZ is required for the osteogenic and anti-adipogenic activities of kaempferol. Bone 50:364–372

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Canini A, Alesiani D, D’Arcangelo G, Tagliatesta P (2007) Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of phenolic compounds from Carica papaya L. leaf. J Food Compos Anal 20:584–590

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen X, Yang X, Liu T et al (2012) Kaempferol regulates MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways to attenuate LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 14:209–216

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Choi EM (2011) Kaempferol protects MC3T3-E1 cells through antioxidant effect and regulation of mitochondrial function. Food Chem Toxicol 49:1800–1805

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • García-Mediavilla V, Crespo I, Collado PS et al (2007) The anti-inflammatory flavones quercetin and kaempferol cause inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 and reactive C-protein, and down-regulation of the nuclear factor kappaB pathway in Chang liver cells. Eur J Pharmacol 557:221–229

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gödecke T, Napolitano JG, Rodríguez-Brasco MF et al (2013) Validation of a generic quantitative (1)H NMR method for natural products analysis. Phytochem Anal 24:581–597

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goff TL, Wood S (2008) Production of malachite green oxalate and leucomalachite green reference materials certified for purity. Anal Bioanal Chem 391:2035–2045

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gong NB, Liu SC, Xu W et al (2013) Purity assessment of luteolin reference material candidates by coulometric titration method. Anal Methods 5:784–788

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grundmann O, Nakajima J, Kamata K, Seo S, Butterweck V (2009) Kaempferol from the leaves of Apocynum venetum possesses anxiolytic activities in the elevated plus maze test in mice. Phytomedicine 16:295–302

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Han L, Liu XH, Yang NY, Li JS, Cai BC, Cheng S (2012) Simultaneous chromatographic fingerprinting and quantitative analysis of flavonoids in Pollen Typhae by high-performance capillary electrophoresis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2:602–609

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ISO Guide 34 (2009) General requirements for the competence of reference material producers. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • ISO Guide 35 (2006) Reference materials—general and statistical principles for certification. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson D, Rettinger M, Tarbox T, Marek B, Pogue S, Dilek I, Sreenivasan U (2013) Development challenges in the preparation of solution-based phytochemical and vitamin certified reference materials. Anal Bioanal Chem 405:4345–4352

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koch M, Bremser W, Koeppen R, Siegel D, Toepfer A, Nehls I (2009) Development of two certified reference materials for acrylamide determination in foods. J Agric Food Chem 57:8202–8207

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Medeiros KC, Faustino L, Borduchi E et al (2009) Preventive and curative glycoside kaempferol treatments attenuate the TH2-driven allergic airway disease. Int Immunopharmacol 9:1540–1548

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mylonis I, Lakka A, Tsakalof A, Simos G (2010) The dietary flavonoid kaempferol effectively inhibits HIF-1 activity and hepatoma cancer cell viability under hypoxic conditions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 398:74–78

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Trivedi R, Kumar S, Kumar A, Siddiqui JA, Chattopadhyay N et al (2008) Kaempferol has osteogenic effect in ovariectomized adult Sprague–Dawley rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 289:85–93

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wood LJ, Sharpless KE, Pichon M, Porter BJ, Yen JH (2011) Characterization of three berry standard reference materials for nutrients. J Agric Food Chem 59:7246–7252

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao J, Sun GB, Sun B et al (2012) Kaempferol protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. Toxicology 292:53–62

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zu Y, Li C, Fu Y, Zhao C (2006) Simultaneous determination of catechin, rutin, quercetin kaempferol and isorhamnetin in the extract of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) leaves by RP-HPLC with DAD. J Pharm Biomed Anal 41:714–719

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Twelfth Five Year Science and Technology Support Program (2012ZX09301002-001-013), the Research Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry of Health (200902008), and the basic research program of Institute of Materia Medica (2013CHX20) are gratefully acknowledged.

Compliance with Ethics Requirements

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

Conflict of Interest

Ningbo Gong declares that he has no conflict of interest. Guoshun Zhang declares that he has no conflict of interest. Baoxi Zhang declares that he has no conflict of interest. Guanhua Du declares that he has no conflict of interest. Zhaolin Gao declares that he has no conflict of interest. Yang Lu declares that he has no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Guanhua Du or Yang Lu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gong, N., Zhang, G., Zhang, B. et al. Development of a New Certified Reference Material of Kaempferol by Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Coulometric Titration Method, and Mass Balance Method. Food Anal. Methods 8, 2347–2355 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-015-0098-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-015-0098-6

Keyword