Abstract
Irradiation helps to reduce microbial load in sprout seeds and prevents the outbreak of sprout-related foodborne illness. In food materials of plant origins, irradiation produces free radicals in cellulose and crystalline sugars which could serve as irradiation detection markers in electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis. In the present research, radiation-induced free radicals were studied in the seeds of alfalfa and broccoli irradiated at 0, 2, 4, and 6 kGy. The effect of three different sample pretreatments, namely freeze-drying, alcoholic extraction, and nitric acid extraction (5, 10, and 15 %), was also investigated. Freeze-dried and alcoholic-extracted samples lacked radiation-induced ESR spectral characteristics. However, the sample treatment with 5 % nitric acid was found most appropriate to obtain clear evidence of irradiation. These findings indicate the possible need for different sample pretreatments for clear or improved ESR spectral features.
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Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Education (MOE) (No. NRF-2013R1A1A4A03006993).
Conflict of Interest
Jae-Jun Ahn declares that he has no conflict of interest. Hafiz Muhammad Shahbaz declares that he has no conflict of interest. Kashif Akram declares that he has no conflict of interest. Ji-Young Kwak declares that he has no conflict of interest. Joong-Ho Kwon declares that he has no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.
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Ahn, JJ., Shahbaz, H.M., Akram, K. et al. Improved Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy with Different Sample Treatments to Identify Irradiated Sprout Seeds. Food Anal. Methods 7, 1874–1880 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-014-9831-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-014-9831-9